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Journal article
Phylogenetics of Ochna (Ochnaceae) and a new infrageneric classification.
Advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing are allowing faster and more affordable generation of molecular phylogenetic trees for many organisms. However, resolving relationships at species level is still challenging, particularly for taxonomically difficult groups. Until recently, the classification of Ochna had been based only on morphological data. Here, we present the...Shah, Toral ; Mashimba, Fandey H. ; Suleiman, Haji O. ; Mbailwa, Yahya S ; Schneider, Julio V …
Systematics, Style branching, Ochna, Phylogenomics, Anther dehiscence, Taxonomic revision, and HybSeq
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Journal article
Environment‐dependent influence of fruit size upon the distribution of the Malesian archipelagic flora.
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Journal article
Panta Rhei benchmark dataset: socio-hydrological data of paired events of floods and droughts.
Abstract. As the adverse impacts of hydrological extremes increase in many regions of the world, a better understanding of the drivers of changes in risk and impacts is essential for effective flood and drought risk management and climate adaptation. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive, empirical data about...Kreibich, Heidi ; Schröter, Kai ; Di Baldassarre, Giuliano ; Van Loon, Anne F. ; Mazzoleni, Maurizio …
Dataset, Floods, Socio-hydrological data, Droughts, and Paired events
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Journal article
Endophytic fungi related to the ash dieback causal agent encode signatures of pathogenicity on European ash
Tree diseases constitute a significant threat to biodiversity worldwide. Pathogen discovery in natural habitats is of vital importance to understanding current and future threats and prioritising efforts towards developing disease management strategies. Ash dieback is a fungal disease of major conservational concern that is infecting common ash trees, , in... -
Journal article
Indigenous Peoples’ Food Systems and Biocultural Heritage: Addressing Indigenous Priorities Using Decolonial and Interdisciplinary Research Approaches.
The food systems and territories of Indigenous Peoples sustain much of the world’s biodiversity, cultivated and wild, through agroecological practices rooted in Indigenous cosmovision and cultural and spiritual values. These food systems have a critical role to play in sustainability transformations but are widely threatened and have received limited research...Swiderska, Krystyna ; Argumedo, Alejandro ; Wekesa, Chemuku ; Ndalilo, Leila ; Song, Yiching …
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Journal article
Between Metropole and Province: circulating botany in British museums, 1870–1940.
Exchange of duplicate specimens was an important element of the relationship between metropolitan and regional museums in the period 1870–1940. Evidence of transfers of botanical museum objects such as economic botany specimens is explored for the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and six museums outside the capital: Cambridge University Botanical Museum,... -
Journal article
Genetic assimilation of ancestral plasticity during parallel adaptation to zinc contamination in Silene uniflora.
Phenotypic plasticity in ancestral populations is hypothesized to facilitate adaptation, but evidence is piecemeal and often contradictory. Further, whether ancestral plasticity increases the probability of parallel adaptive changes has not been explored. The most general finding is that ancestral responses to a new environment are reversed following adaptation (known as... -
Journal article
Seasonal dynamics of Anopheles stephensi and its implications for mosquito detection and emergent malaria control in the Horn of Africa.
Invasion of the malaria vector across the Horn of Africa threatens control efforts across the continent, particularly in urban settings where the vector is able to proliferate. Malaria transmission is primarily determined by the abundance of dominant vectors, which often varies seasonally with rainfall. However, it remains unclear how abundance... -
Journal article
Reconnecting the Cinchona (Rubiaceae) collections of the “Real Expedición Botánica al Virreinato del Perú” (1777-1816).
During the “Real Expedición Botánica al Virreinato del Perú”, 1777-1816, Hipólito Ruiz López (1754-1816), José Antonio Pavón Jiménez (1754-1840), Juan José Tafalla Navascués (1755-1811) and Juan Agustín Manzanilla (fl. 1793-1816) collected economically important specimens of anti-malarial cinchona bark (Cinchona spp.). In the 230 years since, these specimens have been dispersed...Walker, Kim ; García Guillén, Esther ; Allasi Canales, Nataly ; Medina, Leopoldo ; Driver, Felix …
Museum specimens, Pharmacy, Botany, Ruiz & Pavón Expedition, Cinchona, History, and Medicine
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Journal article
The Implications of Incongruence between Gene Tree and Species Tree Topologies for Divergence Time Estimation.
Phylogenetic analyses are increasingly being performed with data sets that incorporate hundreds of loci. Due to incomplete lineage sorting, hybridization, and horizontal gene transfer, the gene trees for these loci may often have topologies that differ from each other and from the species tree. The effect of these topological incongruences...Carruthers, Tom ; Sun, Miao ; Baker, William J. ; Smith, Stephen A. ; de Vos, Jurriaan M. …
Divergence time estimation, Species tree, Gene trees, and Topological incongruence
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Journal article
Metagenomics Shines Light on the Evolution of ‘Sunscreen’ Pigment Metabolism in the Teloschistales (Lichen-Forming Ascomycota).
Fungi produce a vast number of secondary metabolites that shape their interactions with other organisms and the environment. Characterising the genes underpinning metabolite synthesis is therefore key to understanding fungal evolution and adaptation. Lichenised fungi represent almost one-third of Ascomycota diversity and boast impressive secondary metabolites repertoires. However, most lichen... -
Journal article
First evidence of a monodominant (Englerodendron, Amherstieae, Detarioideae, Leguminosae) .tropical moist forest from the early Miocene (21.73 Ma) of Ethiopia
Many tropical wet forests are species-rich and have relatively even species frequency distributions. But, dominance by a single canopy species can also occur in tropical wet climates and can remain stable for centuries. These are uncommon globally, with the African wet tropics supporting more such communities than the Neotropics or... -
Journal article
Diversity patterns and conservation of the Vigna spp. in Mozambique: A comprehensive study.
Mozambique supports a high diversity of native legume species, including many Crop Wild Relatives (CWRs). Among them, the still understudied genus is a particularly notable and promising donor of favorable traits for crop improvement. This study aims to provide an updated overview of CWRs diversity in Mozambique, defining a conservation... -
Journal article
Diversification of Amazonian spiny tree rats in genus Makalata (Rodentia, Echimyidae): Cryptic diversity, geographic structure and drivers of speciation.
Amazonian mammal diversity is exceptionally high, yet new taxonomic discoveries continue to be made and many questions remain for understanding its diversification through time and space. Here we investigate the diversification of spiny rats in the genus , whose species are strongly associated with seasonally flooded forests, watercourses and flooded... -
Journal article
Mapping the root systems of individual trees in a natural community using genotyping‐by‐sequencing.
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Journal article
Integrating machine learning, remote sensing and citizen science to create an early warning system for biodiversity.
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Journal article
A simplified and easy-to-use HIP HOP assay provides insights into chalcone antifungal mechanisms of action.
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Journal article
The description, distribution and habitat of wild banana species in northern Viet Nam.
Northern Viet Nam displays a remarkable diversity of wild bananas ( L.) including the species from which the majority of cultivated bananas derive. The taxonomy and exact distribution of these wild bananas are however not well known, limiting their conservation and use. In the present study, we describe the morphology,... -
Journal article
The fate of Holoregmia, a monospecific genus endemic to the Brazilian Caatinga, under different future climate scenarios.
– Climatic fluctuations during the Pleistocene altered the distribution of many species and even entire biomes, allowing some species to increase their range while others underwent reductions. Recent and ongoing anthropogenic climate change is altering climatic patterns very rapidly and is likely to impact species’ distributions over shorter timescales than... -
Journal article
The ecology of palm genomes: repeat‐associated genome size expansion is constrained by aridity.
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Journal article
Phylogeography and conservation gaps of Musa balbisiana Colla genetic diversity revealed by microsatellite markers.
Collection and storage of crop wild relative (CWR) germplasm is crucial for preserving species genetic diversity and crop improvement. Nevertheless, much of the genetic variation of CWRs is absent in ex situ collections and detailed passport data are often lacking. Here, we focussed on one of the two main progenitor...Mertens, Arne ; Bawin, Yves ; Vanden Abeele, Samuel ; Kallow, Simon ; Swennen, Rony …
SSR, Genetic diversity, Ex situ conservation, Banana, Crop wild relatives, and Musa balbisiana
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Journal article
Conical petal epidermal cells, regulated by the MYB transcription factor MIXTA, have an ancient origin within the angiosperms.
Conical epidermal cells occur on the tepals (perianth organs, typically petals and/or sepals) of the majority of animal-pollinated angiosperms, where they play both visual and tactile roles in pollinator attraction, providing grip to foraging insects and enhancing colour, temperature and hydrophobicity. To explore the evolutionary history of conical epidermal cells...Reed, Alison ; Rudall, Paula J ; Brockington, Samuel F ; Glover, Beverley J
Cabomba caroliniana, Conical cell, Papillae, ANA grade, MIXTA, Petal, and Tepal
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Journal article
Tapping culture collections for fungal endophytes: first genome assemblies for three genera and five species in the Ascomycota.
The Ascomycota form the largest phylum in the fungal kingdom and show a wide diversity of lifestyles, some involving associations with plants. Genomic data is available for many ascomycetes that are pathogenic to plants, but endophytes, which are asymptomatic inhabitants of plants, are relatively understudied. Here, using short- and long-read...Hill, Rowena ; Levicky, Quentin ; Pitsillides, Frances ; Junnonen, Amy ; Arrigoni, Elena …
Cytometric completeness, Ascomycota, Culture collections, and Fungal endophytes
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Journal article
The EDGE2 protocol: Advancing the prioritisation of Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered species for practical conservation action
The conservation of evolutionary history has been linked to increased benefits for humanity and can be captured by phylogenetic diversity (PD). The Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) metric has, since 2007, been used to prioritise threatened species for practical conservation that embody large amounts of evolutionary history. While there... -
Journal article
Disentangling the causes of temporal variation in the opportunity for sexual selection.
In principle, temporal fluctuations in the potential for sexual selection can be estimated as changes in intrasexual variance in reproductive success (i.e. the opportunity for selection). However, we know little about how opportunity measures vary over time, and the extent to which such dynamics are affected by stochasticity. We use...Carleial, Rômulo ; Pizzari, Tommaso ; Richardson, David S. ; McDonald, Grant C.
Temporal variation, Behavioural ecology, Sexual selection, and Animal behaviour
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Journal article
Precipitation is the main axis of tropical plant phylogenetic turnover across space and time.
Early natural historians—Comte de Buffon, von Humboldt, and De Candolle—established environment and geography as two principal axes determining the distribution of groups of organisms, laying the foundations for biogeography over the subsequent 200 years, yet the relative importance of these two axes remains unresolved. Leveraging phylogenomic and global species distribution... -
Journal article
A novel statistical framework for exploring the population dynamics and seasonality of mosquito populations.
Whittaker, Charles ; Winskill, Peter ; Sinka, Marianne ; Pironon, Samuel ; Massey, Claire …
Epidemiology, Population dynamics, Anopheles mosquitoes, Seasonality, and Malaria ecology
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Journal article
Nubian Agricultural Practices, Crops and Foods: Changes in Living Memory on Ernetta Island, Northern Sudan.
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Journal article
Spatio‐temporal evolution of the catuaba clade in the Neotropics: Morphological shifts correlate with habitat transitions.
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Journal article
The role of the tryptophan-NAD + pathway in a mouse model of severe malnutrition induced liver dysfunction.
Mortality in children with severe malnutrition is strongly related to signs of metabolic dysfunction, such as hypoglycemia. Lower circulating tryptophan levels in children with severe malnutrition suggest a possible disturbance in the tryptophan-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (TRP-NAD+) pathway and subsequently in NAD+ dependent metabolism regulator sirtuin1 (SIRT1). Here we show that...Hu, Guanlan ; Ling, Catriona ; Chi, Lijun ; Thind, Mehakpreet K. ; Furse, Samuel …
Liver diseases, Energy metabolism, Tryptophan-NAD+ pathway, and Malnutrition
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Journal article
Safeguarding Imperiled Biodiversity and Evolutionary Processes in the Wallacea Center of Endemism.
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Journal article
Landscape dynamics and diversification of the megadiverse South American freshwater fish fauna.
Landscape dynamics are widely thought to govern the tempo and mode of continental radiations, yet the effects of river network rearrangements on dispersal and lineage diversification remain poorly understood. We integrated an unprecedented occurrence dataset of 4,967 species with a newly compiled, time-calibrated phylogeny of South American freshwater fishes—the most... -
Journal article
Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity: Evolution, distribution, and use.
Madagascar’s biota is hyperdiverse and includes exceptional levels of endemicity. We review the current state of knowledge on Madagascar’s past and current terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by compiling and presenting comprehensive data on species diversity, endemism, and rates of species description and human uses, in addition to presenting an updated... -
Journal article
Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity: Threats and opportunities.
Madagascar’s unique biota is heavily affected by human activity and is under intense threat. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the conservation status of Madagascar’s terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by presenting data and analyses on documented and predicted species-level conservation statuses, the most prevalent and relevant threats,... -
Journal article
Cuticle chemistry drives the development of diffraction gratings on the surface of Hibiscus trionum petals.
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Journal article
Disintegration of the genus Prosopis L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade).
Robust evidence from phylogenomic analyses of 997 nuclear genes has recently shown, beyond doubt, that the genus is polyphyletic with three separate lineages, each with affinities to other genera of mimosoids: (i) is an isolated lineage placed in the grade of , and that subtends the core mimosoid clade; (ii)... -
Journal article
Integrating deep-time palaeontology in conservation prioritisation.
Halting biodiversity loss under growing anthropogenic pressure is arguably the greatest environmental challenge we face. Given that not all species are equally threatened and that resources are always limited, establishing robust prioritisation schemes is critical for implementing effective conservation actions. To this end, the International Union for Conservation of Nature...Pimiento, Catalina ; Antonelli, Alexandre
Fossil record, Extinction, Palaeontology, Biodiversity, and Conservation prioritisation
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Journal article
Lipid metabolism is dysregulated in a mouse model of diabetes.
Much evidence for diabetes mellitus being associated with dysregulated lipid metabolism has been accrued from studies using blood plasma. However, the systemic dysregulation these results point to is not understood. This study used Lipid Traffic Analysis on data from a mouse model of diabetes to test the hypothesis that the...Furse, Samuel
T2DM, Diabetes, Lipid metabolism, Mouse, and Lipid traffic analysis
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Journal article
Diversification dynamics in the Neotropics through time, clades, and biogeographic regions.
The origins and evolution of the outstanding Neotropical biodiversity are a matter of intense debate. A comprehensive understanding is hindered by the lack of deep-time comparative data across wide phylogenetic and ecological contexts. Here, we quantify the prevailing diversification trajectories and drivers of Neotropical diversification in a sample of 150... -
Journal article
Trade in Zambian Edible Orchids—DNA Barcoding Reveals the Use of Unexpected Orchid Taxa for Chikanda.
In Zambia, wild edible terrestrial orchids are used to produce a local delicacy called chikanda, which has become increasingly popular throughout the country. Commercialization puts orchid populations in Zambia and neighbouring countries at risk of overharvesting. Hitherto, no study has documented which orchid species are traded on local markets, as... -
Journal article
Circadian regulation of the transcriptome in a complex polyploid crop.
The circadian clock is a finely balanced timekeeping mechanism that coordinates programmes of gene expression. It is currently unknown how the clock regulates expression of homoeologous genes in polyploids. Here, we generate a high-resolution time-course dataset to investigate the circadian balance between sets of 3 homoeologous genes (triads) from hexaploid... -
Journal article
The challenge of unprecedented floods and droughts in risk management.
Risk management has reduced vulnerability to floods and droughts globally , yet their impacts are still increasing . An improved understanding of the causes of changing impacts is therefore needed, but has been hampered by a lack of empirical data . On the basis of a global dataset of 45...Kreibich, Heidi ; Van Loon, Anne F. ; Schröter, Kai ; Ward, Philip J. ; Mazzoleni, Maurizio …
Floods, Droughts, Natural Hazards, Hydrology, and Risk management
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Journal article
Nocturnal pollination: an overlooked ecosystem service vulnerable to environmental change.
Existing assessments of the ecosystem service of pollination have been largely restricted to diurnal insects, with a particular focus on generalist foragers such as wild and honey bees. As knowledge of how these plant-pollinator systems function, their relevance to food security and biodiversity, and the fragility of these mutually beneficial...Macgregor, Callum J. ; Scott-Brown, Alison S.
Artificial light at night, Climate change, Plant-insect interactions, Biodiversity, Pollution, and Pollinators
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Journal article
Disproportionate extinction of South American mammals drove the asymmetry of the Great American Biotic Interchange.
The interchange between the previously disconnected faunas of North and South America was a massive experiment in biological invasion. A major gap in our understanding of this invasion is why there was a drastic increase in the proportion of mammals of North American origin found in South America. Four nonmutually...
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