Notes, outline and divergence times of Basidiomycota

He, Mao-Qiang; Zhao, Rui-Lin; Hyde, Kevin D.; Begerow, Dominik; Kemler, Martin; Yurkov, Andrey; McKenzie, Eric H. C.; Raspé, Olivier; Kakishima, Makoto; Sánchez-Ramírez, Santiago; Vellinga, Else C.; Halling, Roy; Papp, Viktor; Zmitrovich, Ivan V.; Buyck, Bart; Ertz, Damien; Wijayawardene, Nalin N.; Cui, Bao-Kai; Schoutteten, Nathan; Liu, Xin-Zhan

Notes, outline and divergence times of Basidiomycota

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Creator (person)

He, Mao-Qiang

Zhao, Rui-Lin

Hyde, Kevin D.

Begerow, Dominik

Kemler, Martin

Yurkov, Andrey

McKenzie, Eric H. C.

Raspé, Olivier

Kakishima, Makoto

Sánchez-Ramírez, Santiago

Vellinga, Else C.

Halling, Roy

Papp, Viktor

Zmitrovich, Ivan V.

Buyck, Bart

Ertz, Damien

Wijayawardene, Nalin N.

Cui, Bao-Kai

Schoutteten, Nathan

Liu, Xin-Zhan

Li, Tai-Hui

Yao, Yi-Jian

Zhu, Xin-Yu

Liu, An-Qi

Li, Guo-Jie

Zhang, Ming-Zhe

Ling, Zhi-Lin

Cao, Bin

Antonín, Vladimír

Boekhout, Teun

da Silva, Bianca Denise Barbosa

De Crop, Eske

Decock, Cony

Dima, Bálint

Dutta, Arun Kumar

Fell, Jack W.

Geml, József

Ghobad-Nejhad, Masoomeh

Giachini, Admir J.

Gibertoni, Tatiana B.

Gorjón, Sergio P.

Haelewaters, Danny

He, Shuang-Hui

Hodkinson, Brendan P.

Horak, Egon

Hoshino, Tamotsu

Justo, Alfredo

Lim, Young Woon

Menolli, Nelson

Mešić, Armin

Moncalvo, Jean-Marc

Mueller, Gregory M.

Nagy, László G.

Nilsson, R. Henrik

Noordeloos, Machiel

Nuytinck, Jorinde

Orihara, Takamichi

Ratchadawan, Cheewangkoon

Rajchenberg, Mario

Silva-Filho, Alexandre G. S.

Sulzbacher, Marcelo Aloisio

Tkalčec, Zdenko

Valenzuela, Ricardo

Verbeken, Annemieke

Vizzini, Alfredo

Wartchow, Felipe

Wei, Tie-Zheng

Weiß, Michael

Zhao, Chang-Lin

Kirk, Paul M.

Date published

November 27, 2019

Abstract

The Basidiomycota constitutes a major phylum of the kingdom Fungi and is second in species numbers to the Ascomycota. The present work provides an overview of all validly published, currently used basidiomycete genera to date in a single document. An outline of all genera of Basidiomycota is provided, which includes 1928 currently used genera names, with 1263 synonyms, which are distributed in 241 families, 68 orders, 18 classes and four subphyla. We provide brief notes for each accepted genus including information on classification, number of accepted species, type species, life mode, habitat, distribution, and sequence information. Furthermore, three phylogenetic analyses with combined LSU, SSU, 5.8s, rpb1, rpb2, and ef1 datasets for the subphyla Agaricomycotina, Pucciniomycotina and Ustilaginomycotina are conducted, respectively. Divergence time estimates are provided to the family level with 632 species from 62 orders, 168 families and 605 genera. Our study indicates that the divergence times of the subphyla in Basidiomycota are 406–430 Mya, classes are 211–383 Mya, and orders are 99–323 Mya, which are largely consistent with previous studies. In this study, all phylogenetically supported families were dated, with the families of Agaricomycotina diverging from 27–178 Mya, Pucciniomycotina from 85–222 Mya, and Ustilaginomycotina from 79–177 Mya. Divergence times as additional criterion in ranking provide additional evidence to resolve taxonomic problems in the Basidiomycota taxonomic system, and also provide a better understanding of their phylogeny and evolution.