Checklist of the Timorese Euphorbiaceae and related families.

An updated and annotated checklist of the Euphorbiaceae s.l. of Timor is provided, based on the analysis of the available literature and herbarium specimens. Information about geographical distribution, ecology, conservation status (when available), and taxon richness is also presented. The list includes 79 taxa, 42 of which are new records for Timor. For each currently accepted name, synonyms relevant for Timor are also listed. The adoption of recent taxonomic changes within the Euphorbiaceae family adds to the value of this checklist, which should provide a useful resource for future biodiversity assessments, conservation efforts, and botanical research in the region.