The species of Burseraceae in Ethiopia – their distribution patterns, association with major vegetation types, species richness, and extinction risks.

The Burseraceae in Ethiopia comprises six species of Boswellia and 42 of Commiphora, producing frankincense or myrrh. This work aims to study the distribution and ecology of all 48 species, although some Commiphora-species are poorly documented. Boswellia species form two distinct geographic groups: one northwestern and one southeastern. Most Commiphora species are confined to the southern and eastern lowlands, with a few also occurring in river valleys in highlands. Distributions are analysed against vegetation types and climate models. Ranges vary from widespread in climatically suitable areas to highly localized. Commiphora species are linked to Acacia-Commiphora bushland on limestone and sand (mostly calcareous), though specific ecological preferences are still unclear. Species richness on degree squares correlates with collection intensity, indicating gaps in knowledge beyond well-sampled areas. Assessed IUCN categories of extinction risks range from Least concern to Critically endangered.