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Journal article
Phylogenetic study of tropical Asian Ardisia and relatives shows non-monophyly of generic and subgeneric classifications.
Julius , Avelinah ; Gutiérrez-Ortega, José Said ; Sabran, Suzana ; Tagane, Shuichiro ; Naiki, Akiyo …
Ardisia, nrITS, Ericales, Phylogeny, Myrsinoideae, Malesia, and Primulaceae
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Journal article
Historical biogeography of Tetrastigma (Vitaceae): Insights into floristic exchange patterns between Asia and Australia.
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Journal article
The Antiangiogenic Activity of Naturally Occurring and Synthetic Homoisoflavonoids from the Hyacinthaceae (sensu APGII)
Excessive blood vessel formation in the eye is implicated in wet age-related macular degeneration, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, neovascular glaucoma, and retinopathy of prematurity, which are major causes of blindness. Small molecule antiangiogenic drugs are strongly needed to supplement existing biologics. Homoisoflavonoids have been previously shown to have potent antiproliferative activities... -
Journal article
Lipid Thermal Fingerprints of Long-term Stored Seeds of Brassicaceae
Thermal fingerprints for seeds of 20 crop wild relatives of Brassicaceae stored for 8 to 44 years at the Plant Germplasm Bank—Universidad Politécnica de Madrid and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew’s Millennium Seed Bank—were generated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and analyzed in relation to storage stability. Relatively poor storing... -
Journal article
TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community... -
Journal article
Cortinarius section Thaumasti in South American Nothofagaceae forests
We studied the South American species of Cortinarius section Thaumasti based on morphological and molecular data. Members of this group can easily be identified in the field because the basidiomata are small and Phlegmacium-like with a bulbous stipe and the universal veil in most species forms a distinct volva at... -
Journal article
Tackling Rapid Radiations With Targeted Sequencing
In phylogenetic studies across angiosperms, at various taxonomic levels, polytomies have persisted despite efforts to resolve them by increasing sampling of taxa and loci. The large amount of genomic data now available and statistical tools to analyze them provide unprecedented power for phylogenetic inference. Targeted sequencing has emerged as a... -
Journal article
Extinction risk and conservation gaps for Aloe (Asphodelaceae) in the Horn of Africa
Identification of conservation priorities is essential for conservation planning, especially as the biodiversity crisis develops. We aimed to support conservation prioritisation by addressing knowledge gaps for the genus Aloe in the Horn of Africa. Specifically, we developed a dataset of herbarium voucher specimens and occurrence data to estimate geographic distribution...Bachman, Steven P. ; Wilkin, Paul ; Reader, Tom ; Field, Richard ; Weber, Odile …
Red List, threats, IUCN, and protected areas
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Journal article
A taxonomic revision of the myrmecophilous species of the rattan genus Korthalsia (Arecaceae)
The rattan genus Korthalsia Blume (Arecaceae: Calamoideae: Calameae) is widespread in the Malesian region. Among the 28 accepted species are 10 species that form intimate associations with ants. The ants inhabit the conspicuous ocreas that are produced by these species, using them as domatia to care for their young and...Shahimi, Salwa ; Conejero, Maria ; Prychid, Christina J. ; Rudall, Paula J. ; Hawkins, Julie A. …
taxonomy, Calamoideae, myrmecophily, ocrea, morphology, ant-plant mutualism, Malesia, and domatia
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Journal article
Astringent drugs for bleedings and diarrhoea: The history of Cynomorium coccineum (Maltese Mushroom)
Ethnopharmacological relevance: The botanical identity of the ancient vernacular cynomorium does not correspond to the modern scientific genus while it is not clear how many species of hipocistis (Cytinus sp.) were differentiated by the ancient physicians and whether Cynomorium coccineum was subsumed. The early history of therapeutic uses related to...Leonti, Marco ; Bellot, Sidonie ; Zucca, Paolo ; Rescigno, Antonio
tannins, haemorrhage, dysentery, Cytinus, history of materia medica, and gallic acid
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Journal article
A monograph of Caprifoliaceae: Linnaeeae
Tribe Linnaeeae is a diverse group disjunctly distributed in the northern hemisphere between China and Japan and Mexico. The tribe consists of shrubs with showy flowers that are important in the horticultural industry. We present a detailed monograph of tribe Linnaeeae that includes descriptions, identification keys, botanical plates with line...Landrein, Sven ; Farjon, Aljos
nomenclature, morphometric analysis, horticulture, distribution maps, evolution, identification keys, and conservation
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Journal article
A revision of the African genus Mesanthemum (Eriocaulaceae)
Mesanthemum is a genus comprising 16 species in the family Eriocaulaceae and is native to Africa and Madagascar. Eriocaulaceae are characterised by a basal tuft or rosette of narrow leaves and small flowers in heads. Mesanthemum can be recognised by diplostemonous flowers and fused glandular pistillate petals. While most Mesanthemum...Liang, Yuxi ; Phillips, Sylvia M. ; Cheek, Martin ; Larridon, Isabel
Africa, molecular phylogenetics, Madagascar, lectotypifications, new species, SEM seed images, and taxonomy
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Journal article
Brain expansion in early hominins predicts carnivore extinctions in East Africa
While the anthropogenic impact on ecosystems today is evident, it remains unclear if the detrimental effect of hominins on co‐occurring biodiversity is a recent phenomenon or has also been the pattern for earlier hominin species. We test this using the East African carnivore fossil record. We analyse the diversity of...Faurby, Søren ; Silvestro, Daniele ; Werdelin, Lars ; Antonelli, Alexandre
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Journal article
Diplycosia papuana (Ericaceae: Vaccinioideae: Gaultherieae): a new endemic species from central New Guinea
Diplycosia papuana (Ericaceae: Vaccinioideae: Gaultherieae), a new endemic species from central New Guinea, is described and illustrated here. Notes on the distribution, ecology and conservation status of the new species, as well as a consideration of closely related species, are provided.Mustaqim, Wendy A. ; Utteridge, Timothy M. A. ; Heatubun, Charlie D.
taxonomy, Papua, Indonesia, Irian Jaya, and Malesia
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Journal article
Earth BioGenome Project: Sequencing life for the future of life
Increasing our understanding of Earth’s biodiversity and responsibly stewarding its resources are among the most crucial scientific and social challenges of the new millennium. These challenges require fundamental new knowledge of the organization, evolution, functions, and interactions among millions of the planet’s organisms. Herein, we present a perspective on the...Lewin, Harris A. ; Robinson, Gene E. ; Kress, W. John ; Baker, William J. ; Coddington, Jonathan …
genome sequencing, data science, biodiversity, genomics, and access and benefit sharing
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Journal article
A Universal Probe Set for Targeted Sequencing of 353 Nuclear Genes from Any Flowering Plant Designed Using k-Medoids Clustering
Sequencing of target-enriched libraries is an efficient and cost-effective method for obtaining DNA sequence data from hundreds of nuclear loci for phylogeny reconstruction. Much of the cost of developing targeted sequencing approaches is associated with the generation of preliminary data needed for the identification of orthologous loci for probe design.... -
Journal article
A roadmap for global synthesis of the plant tree of life
Providing science and society with an integrated, up‐to‐date, high quality, open, reproducible and sustainable plant tree of life would be a huge service that is now coming within reach. However, synthesizing the growing body of DNA sequence data in the public domain and disseminating the trees to a diverse audience... -
Journal article
Taxonomic Synopsis of the genus Chamaecrista (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) in the Chapada dos Veadeiros region, Goiás, Brazil
Chamaecrista is one of the largest genera of Leguminosae subfamily Caesalpinioideae and comprises 330 species, of these, 222 species are present in the Phytogeographic Cerrado Domain in Brazil. The taxonomy of the genus in Brazil continues to need study. Here we present a taxonomic synopsis of Chamaecrista for the Chapada...de Souza, Alessandro Oliveira ; Lewis, Gwilym P. ; da Silva, Marcos José
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Journal article
Enset‐based agricultural systems in Ethiopia: A systematic review of production trends, agronomy, processing and the wider food security applications of a neglected banana relative
Enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) is the major starch staple of the Ethiopian Highlands, where its unique attributes enhance the food security of approximately 20 million people and have earned it the title “The Tree Against Hunger”. Yet enset‐based agriculture is virtually unknown outside of its narrow zone of cultivation,... -
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Journal article
Phylogenomics and biogeography of the world's thrushes (Aves, Turdus): new evidence for a more parsimonious evolutionary history
To elucidate the relationships and spatial range evolution across the world of the bird genus Turdus (Aves), we produced a large genomic dataset comprising ca 2 million nucleotides for ca 100 samples representing 53 species, including over 2000 loci. We estimated time-calibrated maximum-likelihood and multispecies coalescent phylogenies and carried out...Batista, Romina ; Olsson, Urban ; Andermann, Tobias ; Aleixo, Alexandre ; Ribas, Camila Cherem …
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Journal article
New island record and conservation status of Puerto Rican Bank endemic plant species, Ruehssia woodburyana (Acev.-Rodr.) Goyder, comb. nov., formally transferred from Marsdenia
Thought to be endemic to the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Ruehssia woodburyana (Apocynaceae) was recently discovered at a single location on Norman Island in the British Virgin Islands. Despite an increase in the extent of occurrence and area of occupancy, this species meta-population is very limited with a total of...Bárrios, Sara ; Sustache, José ; Goyder, David ; Hamilton, Martin
nomenclature, conservation, endemism, Apocynaceae, red list, new combination, and Caribbean flora
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Journal article
Rapid Least Concern: towards automating Red List assessments
The IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesTM (hereafter the Red List) is an important global resource for conservation that supports conservation planning, safeguarding critical habitat and monitoring biodiversity change (Rodrigues et al. 2006). However, a major shortcoming of the Red List is that most of the world's described species have...Bachman, Steven ; Walker, Barnaby ; Barrios, Sara ; Copeland, Alison ; Moat, Justin
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Journal article
Three new species and some nomenclatural changes in Senecio (Compositae/Asteraceae: Senecioneae) in the Flora Zambesiaca area
Three new Senecio species are described, S. fanshawei from Zambia, S. ngandae from Malawi and S. nyangani from Zimbabwe. A new combination is made under S. brachypodus and a taxon is added to the synonymy of this species; single taxa are added for the first time to the synonymy of...Beentje, Henk
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Journal article
Characterization of sequence variability hotspots in Cranichideae plastomes (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae)
This study reports complete plastome sequences for six species of Neotropical Cranichideae and focuses on identification of the most variable regions (hotspots) in this group of orchids. These structure of these six plastomes is relatively conserved, exhibiting lengths ranging between 142,599 to 154,562 bp with 36.7% GC on average and...Smidt, Eric de Camargo ; Páez, Michelle Zavala ; Vieira, Leila do Nascimento ; Viruel, Juan ; de Baura, Valter Antônio …
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Journal article
The Global Museum: natural history collections and the future of evolutionary science and public education
Natural history museums are unique spaces for interdisciplinary research and educational innovation. Through extensive exhibits and public programming and by hosting rich communities of amateurs, students, and researchers at all stages of their careers, they can provide a place-based window to focus on integration of science and discovery, as well... -
Journal article
A taxonomic monograph of Ipomoea integrated across phylogenetic scales
Taxonomic monographs have the potential to make a unique contribution to the understanding of global biodiversity. However, such studies, now rare, are often considered too daunting to undertake within a realistic time frame, especially as the world’s collections have doubled in size in recent times. Here, we report a global-scale...Muñoz-Rodríguez, Pablo ; Carruthers, Tom ; Wood, John R. I. ; Williams, Bethany R. M. ; Weitemier, Kevin …
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Journal article
Lepiniopsis ternatensis sap stimulates fibroblast proliferation and down regulates macrophage TNF-α secretion
The sap of the tree Lepiniopsis ternatensis is used as a topical treatment for cutaneous leg ulcers in Papua New Guinea. This study, which is the first investigation of this medicinal plant, examines the effect of the sap on wound healing biology using human-derived primary cell lines. NMR spectra from...Moses, Rachael L. ; Dally, Jordanna ; Lundy, Fionnuala T. ; Langat, Moses K. ; Kiapranis, Robert …
fibroblast, Lepiniopsis ternatensis, trifucol, TNF-α, Papua New Guinea, and wound healing
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Journal article
High-quality genome sequence of white lupin provides insight into soil exploration and seed quality
White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) is an annual crop cultivated for its protein-rich seeds. It is adapted to poor soils due to the production of cluster roots, which are made of dozens of determinate lateral roots that drastically improve soil exploration and nutrient acquisition (mostly phosphate). Using long-read sequencing technologies,...Hufnagel, Bárbara ; Marques, André ; Soriano, Alexandre ; Marquès, Laurence ; Divol, Fanchon …
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Journal article
The British species of Otidea (3): taxa present in Britain
An account of British species and taxa of Otidea is presented based on morphology and molecular data obtained from the fungarium collections, at Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K) and elsewhere. Based on a phylogenetic analysis using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of the fungal nuclear rDNA, sixteen named and...Parslow, Mariko ; Suz, Laura M. ; Spooner, Brian
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Journal article
A new genus and species of foliicolous lichen in a new family of Strigulales (Ascomycota: Dothideomycetes) reveals remarkable class-level homoplasy
Phylogenetic analysis of some foliicolous lichens collected in Hainan Province, China, revealed a new lineage morphologically similar to Porina but phylogenetically related to Strigulaceae (Dothideomycetes), differing from the latter in ascus type. The monospecific genus Tenuitholiascus gen. nov. is introduced for the single species, T. porinoides sp. nov., which is...Jiang, Shu Hua ; Hawksworth, David L. ; Lücking, Robert ; Wei, Jiang Chun
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Journal article
Lack of adequate seed supply is a major bottleneck for effective ecosystem restoration in Chile: friendly amendment to Bannister et al. (2018)
We argue that the need for a quality seed supply chain is a major bottleneck for the restoration of Chile's native ecosystems, thus supplementing the list of bottlenecks proposed by Bannister et al. in 2018. Specifically, there is a need for defining seed transfer zones, developing standards and capacities for...León‐Lobos, Pedro ; Bustamante‐Sánchez, Marcela A. ; Nelson, Cara R. ; Alarcón, Diego ; Hasbún, Rodrigo …