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Journal article
Living jewels: iterative evolution of iridescent blue leaves from helicoidal cell walls.
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Journal article
Afrothismiaceae (Dioscoreales), a new fully mycoheterotrophic family endemic to tropical Africa.
is a genus of non-photosynthetic mycoheterotrophs from the forests of continental tropical Africa. Multiple phylogenetic inferences using molecular data recover the genus as sister to a clade comprising mycoheterotrophic Thismiaceae and the photosynthetic family Taccaceae, contrary to earlier placements of and Thismiaceae within Burmanniaceae. Morphological support for separating from the... -
Journal article
Phylogenetic, Developmental and Functional Aspects of Stomatal Patterning: Lessons from Magnoliids.
The magnoliid clade encompasses 18 extant families arranged in four orders, plus several extinct taxa, including some of the most ancient angiosperm fossils. The clade is characterized by paracytic stomata with a distinct pair of lateral subsidiary cells that flank the guard cells, though other stomatal types are also reported,...Rudall, Paula J.
Development, Magnoliids, Stomatal clusters, Paracytic stomata, and Amplifying divisions
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Journal article
Morphological Continua Make Poor Species: Genus-Wide Morphometric Survey of the European Bee Orchids (Ophrys L.).
Despite (or perhaps because of) intensive multidisciplinary research, opinions on the optimal number of species recognised within the Eurasian orchid genus Ophrys range from nine to at least 400. The lower figure of nine macrospecies is based primarily on seeking small but reliable discontinuities in DNA ‘barcode’ regions, an approach... -
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Four o'clock pollination biology: nectaries, nectar and flower visitors in Nyctaginaceae from southern South America.
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Ultrastructure of stomatal development in early-divergent angiosperms reveals contrasting patterning and pre-patterning.
Rudall, Paula J. ; Knowles, Emma V. W.
Epidermal pre-patterning, ANITA, Early-divergent angiosperms, Perigenous stomata, Stomatal development, Mesogenous stomata, and Meristemoids
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Journal article
The mirror crack'd: both pigment and structure contribute to the glossy blue appearance of the mirror orchid, Ophrys speculum.
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Journal article
Cuticle chemistry drives the development of diffraction gratings on the surface of Hibiscus trionum petals.
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Journal article
From “New Botany” to “New Systematics”: an historical perspective on the Jodrell Laboratory.
Kew’s Jodrell Laboratory was established in 1876 as a centre for botanical research in disciplines including plant physiology, anatomy and embryology, palaeobotany and mycology. Despite relatively little available funding, its location in one of the world’s largest botanic gardens and close to several well-curated plant collections has ensured its continued... -
Journal article
Multiple origins of lipid‐based structural colors contribute to a gradient of fruit colors in Viburnum (Adoxaceae).
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Journal article
Evolutionary history of the grass gynoecium.
The grass family (Poaceae) includes cereal crops that provide a key food source for the human population. The food industry uses the starch deposited in the cereal grain, which develops directly from the gynoecium. Morphological interpretation of the grass gynoecium remains controversial. We re-examine earlier hypotheses and studies of morphology... -
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Systematic revision of Platanthera in the Azorean archipelago: not one but three species, including arguably Europe’s rarest orchid.
The Macaronesian islands represent an excellent crucible for exploring speciation. This dominantly phenotypic study complements a separate genotypic study, together designed to identify and circumscribe species (butterfly-orchids) on the Azores, and to determine their geographic origin(s) and underlying speciation mechanism(s). 216 individuals of from 30 Azorean localities spanning all nine...Bateman, Richard M. ; Rudall, Paula J. ; Moura, Mónica
Platanthera, Systematics, Orchidaceae, and Azores
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Journal article
A Fossil Syncarpous Fruit from Australia Provides Support for a Gondwanan History for the Screw Pines (Pandanus, Pandanaceae).
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Refined Interpretation of the Pistillate Flower in Ceratophyllum Sheds Fresh Light on Gynoecium Evolution in Angiosperms.
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Pollen in water of unstable salinity: Evolution and function of dynamic apertures in monocot aquatics.
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Evolution of Catkins: Inflorescence Morphology of Selected Salicaceae in an Evolutionary and Developmental Context.
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Flower and Spikelet Construction in Rapateaceae (Poales).
The family Rapateaceae represents an early-divergent lineage of Poales with biotically pollinated showy flowers. We investigate developmental morphology and anatomy in all three subfamilies and five tribes of Rapateaceae to distinguish between contrasting hypotheses on spikelet morphology and to address questions on the presence of nectaries and gynoecium structure. We...Koblova, Sofia D. ; Rudall, Paula J. ; Sokoloff, Dmitry D. ; Stevenson, Dennis W. ; Remizowa, Margarita V.
Poales, Rapateaceae, Plant anatomy, Flowers, and Spikelets
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Journal article
Cell wall composition determines handedness reversal in helicoidal cellulose architectures of Pollia condensata fruits.
Chiral asymmetry is important in a wide variety of disciplines and occurs across length scales. While several natural chiral biomolecules exist only with single handedness, they can produce complex hierarchical structures with opposite chiralities. Understanding how the handedness is transferred from molecular to the macroscopic scales is far from trivial.... -
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Molecular and morphological phylogenetics of the digitate-tubered clade within subtribe Orchidinae s.s. (Orchidaceae: Orchideae).
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Pollen of Malagasy grasses as a potential tool for interpreting grassland palaeohistory.
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From the Machete to the Microscope: Dennis Stevenson, Plant Morphologist.
To mark the commencement of Dennis Stevenson’s status as Senior Curator Emeritus at New York Botanical Garden, we present a brief and subjective overview of his academic achievements to date. We highlight his deep and scholarly background in plant morphology, his adherence to cladistic methodologies for testing hypotheses of organismal...Rudall, Paula J. ; Specht, Chelsea D.
Plant morphology, Stevenson, Dennis William (1942- ), Monocots , Cladistics, and Cycads
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Journal article
In situ morphometric survey elucidates the evolutionary systematics of the orchid genus Gymnadenia in the British Isles.
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Using structural colour to track length scale of cell-wall layers in developing Pollia japonica fruits.
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Morphological diversity and evolution of Centrolepidaceae (Poales), a species-poor clade with diverse body plans and developmental patterns.
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The trichotomosulcate asparagoids: pollen morphology of Hemerocallidaceae in relation to systematics and pollination biology.
Furness, Carol A. ; Conran, John G. ; Gregory, Thomas ; Rudall, Paula J.
Pollen morphology , Pollination biology, Hemerocallidaceae, Systematics , and Trichotomosulcate asparagoids
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Journal article
Evolutionary success in arid habitats: Morpho-anatomy of succulent leaves of Crassula species from southern Africa
Succulence is widely interpreted as an adaptation to drought, usually associated with CAM and xeromorphic features among arid-adapted plants. However, this syndrome can also be observed in species typical of mesic and even hydric environments. The leaf-succulent genus Crassula (Crassulaceae) occurs in contrasting habitats in all nine biomes of southern...Fradera-Soler, Marc ; Rudall, Paula J. ; Prychid, Christina J. ; Grace, Olwen M.
Crassula, Ecology, Xeric habitats, Drought adaptation, Succulent plants, and Leaf anatomy
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Journal article
Viburnum tinus Fruits Use Lipids to Produce Metallic Blue Structural Color
Viburnum tinus is an evergreen shrub that is native to the Mediterranean region but cultivated widely in Europe and around the world. It produces ripe metallic blue fruits throughout winter [1]. Despite its limited fleshy pulp [2], its high lipid content [3] makes it a valuable resource to the small... -
Journal article
Ethnobotany of Hawaiian figure sculpture
Anecdotal theories about traditional uses of Polynesian woods in relation to social and religious practices were tested using comparative wood identification. The woods used to make 135 figure carvings from the Hawaiian archipelago were identified and compared with 23 figure carvings from elsewhere in Polynesia (especially Tahiti and the Marquesas)....Rudall, Paula J. ; Cartwright, Caroline R.
Pacific Islands, Wood, Hawaii, Figure sculpture, and Ethnobotany
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Journal article
A taxonomic revision of the myrmecophilous species of the rattan genus Korthalsia (Arecaceae)
The rattan genus Korthalsia Blume (Arecaceae: Calamoideae: Calameae) is widespread in the Malesian region. Among the 28 accepted species are 10 species that form intimate associations with ants. The ants inhabit the conspicuous ocreas that are produced by these species, using them as domatia to care for their young and...Shahimi, Salwa ; Conejero, Maria ; Prychid, Christina J. ; Rudall, Paula J. ; Hawkins, Julie A. …
taxonomy, Calamoideae, myrmecophily, ocrea, morphology, ant-plant mutualism, Malesia, and domatia