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Journal article
Ecological speciation in sympatric palms: 3. Genetic map reveals genomic islands underlying species divergence in Howea
Although it is now widely accepted that speciation can occur in the face of continuous gene flow, with little or no spatial separation, the mechanisms and genomic architectures that permit such divergence are still debated. Here, we examined speciation in the face of gene flow in the Howea palms of...Papadopulos, Alexander ; Igea, Javier ; Dunning, Luke ; Osborne, Owen ; Quan, Xueping …
Genetics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, and General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
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Journal article
Ecological speciation in sympatric palms: 4. Demographic analyses support speciation of Howea in the face of high gene flow
The idea that populations must be geographically isolated (allopatric) to evolve into separate species has persisted for a long time. It is now clear that new species can also diverge despite ongoing genetic exchange, but few accepted cases of speciation in sympatry have held up when scrutinized using modern approaches....Papadopulos, Alexander ; Igea, Javier ; Smith, Thomas ; Hutton, Ian ; Baker, William …
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Journal article
Speciation in Howea palms occurred in sympatry, was preceded by ancestral admixture, and was associated with edaphic and phenological adaptation
Howea palms are viewed as one of the most clear-cut cases of speciation in sympatry. The sister species H. belmoreana and H. forsteriana are endemic to the oceanic Lord Howe Island, Australia, where they have overlapping distributions and are reproductively isolated mainly by flowering time differences. However, the potential role...Osborne, Owen ; Ciezarek, Adam ; Wilson, Trevor ; Crayn, Darren ; Hutton, Ian …
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Journal article
New circumscription, morphology and synopsis of Chamaecrista sect. Chamaecrista ser. Coriaceae (Leguminosae)
A new circumscription of Chamaecrista sect. Chamaecrista ser. Coriaceae is presented based on the results of molecular and morphological analyses. The series is monophyletic upon exclusion of three species that were included within it by Irwin and Barneby. Morphological variation within the series is discussed. Characters previously neglected, such as...Rando, Juliana Gastaldello ; Pirani, José Rubens ; Cota, Matheus Martins Teixeira ; Lewis, Gwilym Peter
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Journal article
Megaphylogeny resolves global patterns of mushroom evolution
Mushroom-forming fungi (Agaricomycetes) have the greatest morphological diversity and complexity of any group of fungi. They have radiated into most niches and fulfil diverse roles in the ecosystem, including wood decomposers, pathogens or mycorrhizal mutualists. Despite the importance of mushroom-forming fungi, large-scale patterns of their evolutionary history are poorly known,...Varga, Torda ; Krizsán, Krisztina ; Földi, Csenge ; Dima, Bálint ; Sánchez-García, Marisol …
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Journal article
Opportunities and challenges for an Indonesian forest monitoring network
Permanent sampling plots (PSPs) are a powerful and reliable methodology to help our understanding of the diversity and dynamics of tropical forests. Based on the current inventory of PSPs in Indonesia, there is high potential to establish a long-term collaborative forest monitoring network. Whilst there are challenges to initiating such...Brearley, Francis Q. ; Adinugroho, Wahyu C. ; Cámara-Leret, Rodrigo ; Krisnawati, Haruni ; Ledo, Alicia …
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Journal article
Polyploidy does not control all: Lineage‐specific average chromosome length constrains genome size evolution in ferns
Recent studies investigating the evolution of genome size diversity in ferns have shown that they have a distinctive genome profile compared with other land plants. Ferns are typically characterized by possessing medium‐sized genomes, although a few lineages have evolved very large genomes. Ferns are different from other vascular plant lineages...Liu, Hong‐Mei ; Ekrt, Libor ; Koutecky, Petr ; Pellicer, Jaume ; Hidalgo, Oriane …
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Journal article
A synopsis of Polysphaeria (Rubiaceae) in Mozambique, including two new species
The genus Polysphaeria is investigated in Mozambique based on detailed morphological studies of herbarium specimens, resulting in the recognition of two new species. The first, P. ribauensis, is based on Kraussia sp. A of Flora Zambesiaca and is endemic to the Ribáuè Mountains of Nampula Province. The second, P. harrisii,...Darbyshire, Iain ; Langa, Clayton ; Romeiras, Maria
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Journal article
A revision of the Crepidorhopalon whytei complex (Linderniaceae) in eastern Africa
The Crepidorhopalon whytei (Linderniaceae) species complex is revised using morphological analyses. Based primarily on variations in indumentum, floral morphology, corolla colour and seed morphology, four species are formally recognised within this group in eastern Africa. Crepidorhopalon whytei s.str. is widespread in the highlands of eastern Africa, extending from South Sudan...Darbyshire, Iain ; Wursten, B. ; Luke, Q. ; Fischer, E.
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Journal article
Information gaps in indigenous and local knowledge for science-policy assessments
The need to understand nature’s contributions to people and across a broad spectrum of cultures and ecosystems is increasingly advocated in science assessments and policy decision-making for sustainability. However, for services such as food and medicine, gaps in existing studies on indigenous and local knowledge may preclude inclusive assessments. Here,...Cámara-Leret, Rodrigo ; Dennehy, Zoe
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Journal article
A Target Capture-Based Method to Estimate Ploidy From Herbarium Specimens
Whole genome duplication (WGD) events are common in many plant lineages, but the ploidy status and possible occurrence of intraspecific ploidy variation are unknown for most species. Standard methods for ploidy determination are chromosome counting and flow cytometry approaches. While flow cytometry approaches typically use fresh tissue, an increasing number...Viruel, Juan ; Conejero, María ; Hidalgo, Oriane ; Pokorny, Lisa ; Powell, Robyn …
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Journal article
The viability of a breeding programme for ash in the British Isles in the face of ash dieback
To evaluate the viability and feasibility of a future breeding programme to produce trees resistant to an emerging pest or pathogen, it is helpful to ask the following questions: How much variation in resistance exists in tree populations? To what extent is this resistance heritable? How many genetic loci are...Plumb, William J. ; Coker, Timothy L. R. ; Stocks, Jonathan ; Woodcock, Paul ; Quine, Christopher …
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Journal article
Revision and new species of the African genus Mischogyne (Annonaceae)
Mischogyne (Annonaceae, tribe Monodoreae) is a genus of small- to medium-sized tropical trees and shrubs. It is characterised by a combination of: (1) stamens and carpels on a more or less extended torus; (2) carpels divergent from each other at the apex of the torus above the anthers; (3) anthers...Gosline, George ; Marshall, Andrew R. ; Larridon, Isabel
Plant Science and Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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Journal article
Calyx (con)fusion in a hyper-diverse genus: Parallel evolution of unusual flower patterns in Eugenia (Myrtaceae)
Eugenia has a pantropical distribution and comprises ca. 1000 species found mostly in the Neotropics. Recent DNA based phylogenies show that unusual flower morphology of ‘eugenioid’ collections, e.g. fused calices that open by tearing, consistently emerged within Eugenia. These results emphasize a demand to revaluate flower morphology in a phylogenetic...Giaretta, Augusto ; Vasconcelos, Thais ; Mazine, Fiorella Fernanda ; Faria, Jair Eustáquio Quintino ; Flores, Rodolfo …
Genetics, Molecular Biology, and Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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Journal article
The rediscovery and delimitation of Elatostema setulosum W.T.Wang (Urticaceae)
Of the 280 species of Elatostema documented in China, 189 are known only from a single collection. Elatostemasetulosum is one such species, having been known only from the type collection for nearly half a century, until recent field investigations in Guangxi. Due to its morphological similarity to E.huanjiangense and E.tetracephalum,...Fu, Long-Fei ; Monro, Alexandre ; Wen, Fang ; Xin, Zi-Bing ; Wei, Yi-Gang …
Plant Science and Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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Journal article
Phylogeny of the tribe Marsdenieae (Apocynaceae), reinstatement of Ruehssia and the taxonomic treatment of the genus in Brazil
The Marsdenieae (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae) comprise approximately 750 species and 26 accepted genera, half of which contain just one or two species. The tribe has been under-represented in phylogenetic studies to date, most of which have focussed on the ornamental paleotropical genus Hoya and related genera. American Marsdenieae are all currently...Espírito Santo, Fabio da Silva do ; Rapini, Alessandro ; Ribeiro, Patrícia Luz ; Liede-Schumann, Sigrid ; Goyder, David J. …
Plant Science and Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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Journal article
Assessing Specialized Metabolite Diversity in the Cosmopolitan Plant Genus Euphorbia L.
Coevolutionary theory suggests that an arms race between plants and herbivores yields increased plant specialized metabolite diversity and the geographic mosaic theory of coevolution predicts that coevolutionary interactions vary across geographic scales. Consequently, plant specialized metabolite diversity is expected to be highest in coevolutionary hotspots, geographic regions, which exhibit strong...Ernst, Madeleine ; Nothias, Louis-Félix ; van der Hooft, Justin ; Silva, Ricardo ; Saslis-Lagoudakis, Haris …
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Journal article
Solid-State Biology and Seed Longevity: A Mechanical Analysis of Glasses in Pea and Soybean Embryonic Axes
The cytoplasm of anhydrobiotes (organisms that persist in the absence of water) solidifies during drying. Despite this stabilization, anhydrobiotes vary in how long they persist while dry. In this paper, we call upon concepts currently used to explain stability of amorphous solids (also known as glasses) in synthetic polymers, foods,...Ballesteros, Daniel ; Walters, Christina
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Journal article
Two new species, Cyrtandra bungahijau and C. vittata, and notes on Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) from Yapen Island, Indonesia
Two new species of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) are described; one apparently endemic to Yapen Island, Tanah Papua, the other present in Tanah Papua and in Papua New Guinea: both species are described and illustrated, and preliminary conservation assessments given. Notes on the identity of other known collections of Cyrtandra from Yapen...Atkins, H ; Heatubun, C ; Galloway, L ; Bramley, Gemma
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Journal article
Willow carr fungi
Preparation of this two-part article, introducing groups of fungi found in willow carr, was prompted by three considerations. Firstly, the FM editorial panel wanted to follow up the series on alder associates (Ainsworth, 2010; Kibby, 2010; Robinson, 2010) with a corresponding series on fungi associated with willow carr to provide...Ainsworth, A. Martyn ; Kibby, Geoffery
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Journal article
The composition of the aphid fauna (Insecta, Hemiptera) of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
At least a dozen species of aphids (Insecta, Hemiptera) of non-native origin have expanded their range in Europe, however the importance of botanic gardens in this phenomenon has not been studied previously in detail. As a case study, investigations on the species composition and host range of Aphidomorpha in the...Wieczorek, Karina ; Fulcher, Tim ; Chłond, Dominik
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Journal article
A monograph of Heterospathe (Areceae, Arecaceae) in New Guinea
A revision of the genus Heterospathe Scheff. in New Guinea and immediately adjacent islands is presented. We recognise 14 species for this area. Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes are outlined, and each species is thoroughly described, mapped and illustrated. A key to the species in the area is included as well...Petoe, Peter ; Baker, William
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Master's dissertation
Water-storing tissues in morphologically diverse succulent plants.
Fradera, Marc
Water-storing tissues , Plant morphology, and Succulent plants
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Master's dissertation
Molecular and Morphological investigation of waxcap diversity.
Brown, Rob
Fungal diversity, Molecular Biology, Hygrocybe, Fungal morphology, and Waxcaps
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Master's dissertation
Environmental drivers of seed oil quality.
Bubb, John
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Master's dissertation
Seed dormancy in the Aizoaceae family.
Boatfield, Martina
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Master's dissertation
Molecular Phylogeny of Papuasian Schefflera.
Shee, Zhi
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Master's dissertation
Out of Africa? Has the C4 grass Loudetia simplex been introduced to Madagascar from Africa by humans or is it a naturally occurring component of the Malagasy grassy biomes?
Hagl, Anton
Plant introductions, Endemic plants, Madagascar , Africa, Grassy biomes, Loudetia simplex , and C4 plants
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Master's dissertation
The threatened cloud forests of Cameroon, Africa.
Gielen, Marie
West Africa, Cloud forests, and Cameroon
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Master's dissertation
Smallest plants on the tallest mountain.
Prunera Olive, Joan
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Master's dissertation
Should small annual Mesanthemum species from West Africa be separated as a new genus?
Liang, Yuxi
West Africa , Mesanthemum , and Taxonomy
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Master's dissertation
Neotropical plant evolution: adding pieces to the jigsaw.
Murphy, Bruce
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Master's dissertation
Pests and pathogens of Tapia in Madagascar.
Werkmeister, Georgina
Plant pathogens , Madagascar, Pests, and Tapia
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Master's dissertation
Bowal In West Africa.
Konig, Natalie
West Africa and Bowal