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Journal article
Phylogenomics and the rise of the angiosperms
Angiosperms are the cornerstone of most terrestrial ecosystems and human livelihoods1,2. A robust understanding of angiosperm evolution is required to explain their rise to ecological dominance. So far, the angiosperm tree of life has been determined primarily by means of analyses of the plastid genome3,4. Many studies have drawn on...Zuntini, Alexandre R. ; Carruthers, Tom ; Maurin, Olivier ; Bailey, Paul C. ; Leempoel, Kevin …
Plant evolution, Angiosperms, Phylogenetics, Speciation, and Phylogenomics
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Journal article
New taxa of Barleria sect. Prionitis (Acanthaceae) from the Horn of Africa biodiversity hotspot in Somalia.
Two new taxa in Barleria L. sect. Prionitis Nees (Acanthaceae) are described from Somalia, namely Barleria biramosa Defty & I.Darbysh. from central Somalia and B. compacta Malombe & I.Darbysh. subsp. minima I.Darbysh. & Defty from the northeast coastal region. These taxa are further endemics of the Horn of Africa biodiversity...Defty, Ellie ; Darbyshire, Iain
Taxonomy, Conservation, Barleria compacta, Horn of Africa, Barlerieae, Barleria biramosa, New species, Somalia, IUCN Red List, and Diversity
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Journal article
A biogeographical appraisal of the threatened South East Africa Montane Archipelago ecoregion..
Recent biological surveys of ancient inselbergs in southern Malawi and northern Mozambique have led to the discovery and description of many species new to science, and overlapping centres of endemism across multiple taxa. Combining these endemic taxa with data on geology and climate, we propose the ‘South East Africa Montane... -
Journal article
Expanding our knowledge of the coffee family in continental Africa: a synopsis of the genus Pyrostria (Rubiaceae).
A summary of the species of from continental Africa is presented, including full descriptions of three new species, , and . from the coastal forests of the Tanzania-Mozambique border region, and one new subspecies, subsp. from Zambia. is the first species with plurilocular (3-lobed) fruits and the second hermaphrodite species...Matheka, Kennedy W. ; Goyder, David ; Darbyshire, Iain
Conservation, Pyrostria, IUCN Red List, Rubiaceae, Africa, Rovuma Centre of Endemism, Taxonomy, Vanguerieae, and New species
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Journal article
Identifying Mozambique's most critical areas for plant conservation: An evaluation of protected areas and Important Plant Areas.
Successful protected area networks must represent biodiversity across taxonomic groups. However, too often plant species are overlooked in conservation planning, and the resulting protected areas may, as a result, fail to encompass the most important sites for plant diversity. The Mozambique Tropical Important Plant Areas project sought to promote the... -
Journal article
A further new species of Isoglossa (Acanthaceae) from the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania.
I.Darbysh. & Hemp (Acanthaceae), from submontane moist forest at Mwala in the South Pare Mountains of northeastern Tanzania, is described and illustrated. This species is considered to be related to (S.Moore) Lindau and (Vahl) Brummitt & J.R.I.Wood, which are widespread in the montane forests of eastern Africa, but it clearly...Darbyshire, Iain ; Hemp, Andreas
Conservation, New species, Isoglossinae, IUCN Red List, Eastern Arc Mountains (Tanzania), Taxonomy, Extinction risk, and Isoglossa
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Journal article
A new and possibly carnivorous species of Crepidorhopalon (Linderniaceae) from Mozambique.
The new species Crepidorhopalon droseroides from Mozambique is described and illustrated. It represents the third strict Mozambique endemic in Linderniaceae, and it differs from all known species of Crepidorhopalon in the long sticky glandular hairs. The hypothesis that the species may be carnivorous is discussed. The Conservation Status is preliminarily...Fischer, Eberhard ; Wursten, Bart ; Darbyshire, Iain
Taxonomy, IUCN Red List, Crepidorhopalon droseroides, Mozambique, Endemics, Philcoxia, New species, and Carnivory
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Journal article
Discovery and conservation of Monanthotaxis bali (Annonaceae) a new Critically Endangered (possibly extinct) montane forest treelet from Bali Ngemba, North West Region, Cameroon.
is the only known, solely montane (occurring solely above 2000 m alt.) species of the genus. It joins (Rwanda) and (Tanzania), two other species that can also occur above 2000 m alt. is an addition to the small number (28) of the tree species of the surviving montane forests of... -
Book chapter
Acanthaceae.
Darbyshire, Iain
Descriptors, Tropical plants, Identification, Geographical distribution, and Acanthaceae
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Journal article
A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea.
The Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea (CVPRG) is a specimen-based, expert-validated knowledge product, which provides a concise synthesis and overview of current knowledge on 3901 vascular plant species documented from Guinea (Conakry), West Africa, including their accepted names and synonyms, as well as their distribution... -
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Journal article
A taxonomic revision of the ecologically important Ochna holstii (Ochnaceae) complex using molecular and morphological data.
– and its allies represent an ecologically important group in a variety of lowland to montane habitats in tropical eastern and southern Africa. Identifying and delimiting species within this group has proved challenging due to a lack of variation in morphological characters. We combine genomic-scale data of multiple accessions per... -
Journal article
Impatiens banen and Impatiens etugei (Balsaminaceae), new threatened species from lowland of the Cross-Sanaga Interval, Cameroon.
We describe two range-restricted new species to science from the genus (Balsaminaceae), both threatened, from lowland of the Cross-Sanaga Interval of western Cameroon. The first, appears to be restricted to an open seepage microhabitat on granitic inselbergs in the lowland-submontane forest zone of the Ebo Forest in Littoral Region and... -
Journal article
A new species of Lindernia (Linderniaceae) from Tanzania.
The new species Lindernia sallyae from Tanzania, Mpanda District is described and illustrated. It differs from Lindernia linearifolia and L. monroi in the lack of basal rosulate leaves, the taller habit, the calyx with shorter tube and the acute lobes, the yellow corolla with purple marks and veins, the larger... -
Journal article
Diversity patterns and conservation of the Vigna spp. in Mozambique: A comprehensive study.
Mozambique supports a high diversity of native legume species, including many Crop Wild Relatives (CWRs). Among them, the still understudied genus is a particularly notable and promising donor of favorable traits for crop improvement. This study aims to provide an updated overview of CWRs diversity in Mozambique, defining a conservation... -
Journal article
Notes on Isoglossinae (Acanthaceae) in Madagascar, with four new species of Isoglossa.
Current generic delimitation in subtribe Isoglossinae of Acanthaceae is discussed using available morphological and molecular data. Particular consideration is given to the small genera endemic to Madagascar — Benoist, S.Moore, Benoist and the illegitimate Benoist — and how these relate to the current circumscription of Oerst. The relative merits and...Darbyshire, Iain ; Onjalalaina, Guy E. ; Callmander, Martin W. ; Phillipson, Peter B. ; Kiel, Carrie A.
Diversity, Pollen, Taxonomy, IUCN Red List assessments, and Generic delimitation
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Journal article
Sixty-seven species newly recorded for the flora of Angola: recent findings from vegetation surveys and herbarium collections.
Angola is a tropical country with many biogeographical units and, therefore, has a high floristic diversity. Although an increasing number of floristic studies has been carried out in Angola in recent years, the country is still considered to be underinvestigated as many species being collected were previously unknown there. Several... -
Journal article
Piloting development of species conservation action plans in Guinea.
Conservation action plans need to be devised and implemented if we are to reduce the extinction risk faced by globally threatened plants. However, most plant species categorized as threatened globally on the IUCN Red List lack conservation action plans. In West Africa, Guinea is one of the most diverse countries... -
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Journal article
A new species of Ochna (Ochnaceae) from the Barberton Mountains of Mpumalanga, South Africa.
Ochna barbertonensis is described as a new species from the Barberton Mountains in Mpumalanga, South Africa. The new species is characterised by its suffrutescent habit, elongate-deltoid stipules sometimes with broadened base, mucronate leaf tip and high anther to filament ratio, where the anthers are ca. two times longer than the... -
Journal article
Cladoceras rovumense sp. nov. (Gentianales-Rubiaceae), a new species from southeast Tanzania and northeast Mozambique.
Following a review of the circumscription of the genus Cladoceras Bremek. (Rubiaceae) in relation to Tarenna Gaertn., the new species Cladoceras rovumense I.Darbysh., J.E.Burrows & Q.Luke sp. nov. is described from the dry forests of the Rovuma Centre of Plant Endemism (CoE) in southeast Tanzania and northeast Mozambique. This species...Darbyshire, Iain ; Burrows, John E. ; Luke, Quentin ; Langa, Clayton
Threatened, Cladoceras rovumense, New species, New record, Mozambique, Tanzania, Rovuma, and Taxonomy
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Journal article
Phylogenetics of Ochna (Ochnaceae) and a new infrageneric classification.
Advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing are allowing faster and more affordable generation of molecular phylogenetic trees for many organisms. However, resolving relationships at species level is still challenging, particularly for taxonomically difficult groups. Until recently, the classification of Ochna had been based only on morphological data. Here, we present the...Shah, Toral ; Mashimba, Fandey H. ; Suleiman, Haji O. ; Mbailwa, Yahya S ; Schneider, Julio V …
Systematics, Style branching, Ochna, Phylogenomics, Anther dehiscence, Taxonomic revision, and HybSeq
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Journal article
Justicieae II: Resolved Placement of Many Genera and Recognition of a New Lineage Sister to Isoglossinae.
We present phylogenetic results for Justicieae, the largest of the major lineages of Acanthaceae. With 300% more sequence data and a similarly increased but also more geographically representative taxon sample compared to the only previous study of the lineage as a whole, we confirm the existence of the Pseuderanthemum Lineage,...McDade, Lucinda A. ; Kiel, Carrie A. ; Daniel, Thomas F. ; Darbyshire, Iain
Lineages, Phylogenetics, Sequence data, Justicieae, Acanthaceae, Pollen morphology, Asia, and Madagascar
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Journal article
Joining forces in Ochnaceae phylogenomics: a tale of two targeted sequencing probe kits
Shah, Toral ; Schneider, Julio V. ; Zizka, Georg ; Maurin, Olivier ; Baker, William …
Coalescence, Custom , Universal, Probe kit , Maximum likelihood, Phylogenetic informativeness , and Missing data
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Journal article
Beneficial insects are associated with botanically rich margins with trees on small farms.
Beneficial insect communities on farms are influenced by site- and landscape-level factors, with pollinator and natural enemy populations often associated with semi-natural habitat remnants. They provide ecosystem services essential for all groecosystems. For smallholders, natural pest regulation may be the only affordable and available option to manage pests. We evaluated...Arnold, Sarah E. J. ; Elisante, Filemon ; Mkenda, Prisila A. ; Tembo, Yolice L. B. ; Ndakidemi, Patrick A. …
Community ecology, Biodiversity, Ecosystem services, Agroecology, and Beneficial insects
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Journal article
Important Plant Areas: revised selection criteria for a global approach to plant conservation.
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Journal article
Botanical Monography in the Anthropocene
Botanical monographs have been the gold standard for communicating comprehensive systematic information about plants for over 300 years. Monographs catalyse species discovery, biodiversity documentation and conservation, and facilitate downstream research on wild and cultivated plant species. Increased availability of DNA sequence data and digitised resources now provide powerful resources for...Grace, Olwen M. ; Pérez-Escobar, Oscar A. ; Lucas, Eve J. ; Vorontsova, Maria S. ; Lewis, Gwilym P. …
conservation, Tree of Life, taxonomy , plants systematics , and biodiversity
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Journal article
Conservation priorities for African Vigna species: Unveiling Angola’s diversity hotspots
It is widely recognized that the conservation of the Crop Wild Relatives (CWR) in their wild habitats is fundamental to ensure the continuous supply of novel genetic material, crucial for future crop improvement. Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) and V. subterranea (bambara groundnut) are amongst the most significant African legumes as sources...Catarino, Silvia ; Rangel, Josefa ; Darbyshire, Iain ; Costa, Esperança ; Duarte, Maria Cristina …
Climate change, Crop wild relatives (CWR), Gap analysis, Leguminosae, Cowpea, and Protected areas
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Journal article
Further new species and records from the coastal dry forests and woodlands of the Rovuma Centre of Endemism
Background and aims – The coastal dry forests and woodlands of Cabo Delgado Province (Mozambique), part of the proposed Rovuma Centre of Endemism that is shared with coastal southern Tanzania, are known to support high numbers of endemic and highly range-restricted species. Here we investigate the taxonomic status of three...Darbyshire, Iain ; Goyder, David J. ; Wood, John R.I. ; Banze, Aurélio ; Burrows, John E.
Mozambique, Cabo Delgado , endemic , Tanzania, IUCN Red List, coastal dry forest, Rovuma, and taxonomy
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Journal article
Insect pollination is important in a smallholder bean farming system
Background Many crops are dependent on pollination by insects. Habitat management in agricultural landscapes can support pollinator services and even augment crop production. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important legume for the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in many low-income countries, particularly so in East Africa. While this...Elisante, Filemon ; Ndakidemi, Patrick ; Arnold, Sarah E. J. ; Belmain, Steven R. ; Gurr, Geoff M. …
Ecology, Biodiversity, Ecosystem Science, Agricultural Science, Research article, and Entomology
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Journal article
New Guinea has the world’s richest island flora
New Guinea is the world’s largest tropical island and has fascinated naturalists for centuries. Home to some of the best-preserved ecosystems on the planet3 and to intact ecological gradients—from mangroves to tropical alpine grasslands—that are unmatched in the Asia-Pacific region4,5, it is a globally recognized centre of biological and cultural... -
Journal article
Phylogenomic Study of Monechma Reveals Two Divergent Plant Lineages of Ecological Importance in the African Savanna and Succulent Biomes.
Monechma Hochst. s.l. (Acanthaceae) is a diverse and ecologically important plant group in sub-Saharan Africa, well represented in the fire-prone savanna biome and with a striking radiation into the non-fire-prone succulent biome in the Namib Desert. We used RADseq to reconstruct evolutionary relationships within Monechma s.l. and found it to...Darbyshire, Iain ; Kiel, Carrie A. ; Astroth, Corine M. ; Dexter, Kyle G. ; Chase, Frances M. …
Phylogeny, Savannas, Africa, Succulents, Biome, Justicia, Plant diversity, RADseq, and Monechma
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Journal article
Mcdadea: A New Genus of Acanthaceae Endemic to the Namib Desert of Southwestern Angola
Acanthaceae represent one of the most ecologically dominant families of plants in the Namib Desert and adjacent portions of Namibia and Angola yet have never been comprehensively treated from a taxonomic perspective in the region. Recent fieldwork in Angola yielded discovery of two populations of plants, morphologically allied to the...Tripp, Erin A. ; Darbyshire, Iain
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Journal article
Knowledge gaps among smallholder farmers hinder adoption of conservation biological control
Conservation biological control uses habitat management to enhance the survival and impact of arthropod natural enemies for pest control. Its advantages are that it relies on native or established invertebrate populations that are adapted to local agricultural ecosystems and conditions. We surveyed 300 farmers in three agro-ecological zones of Kilimanjaro... -
Journal article
The endemic plants of Mozambique: diversity and conservation status
An annotated checklist of the 271 strict-endemic taxa (235 species) and 387 near-endemic taxa (337 species) of vascular plants in Mozambique is provided. Together, these taxa constitute c. 9.3% of the total currently known flora of Mozambique and include five strict-endemic genera (Baptorhachis, Emicocarpus, Gyrodoma, Icuria and Micklethwaitia) and two...Darbyshire, Iain ; Timberlake, Jonathan ; Osborne, Jo ; Rokni, Saba ; Matimele, Hermenegildo …
Plant Science and Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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Journal article
Justicia gigantophylla (Acanthaceae), an endangered litter-gathering species from southern Cameroon
Background and aims – The taxonomic status of Duvernoia gigantophylla Lindau from southern Cameroon is considered in relation to the wider Justicia extensa-laxa complex of tropical Africa. Its unusual litter-gathering habit (currently unique in Acanthaceae) is also discussed.Methods – This study was based on normal practices of herbarium taxonomy and...Smith, Harry J. ; Moran, Con ; Lachenaud, Olivier ; Darbyshire, Iain
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Journal article
Synsepalum chimanimani (Sapotaceae), a new species from the Chimanimani Mountains of Mozambique and Zimbabwe, with notes on the botanical importance of this area
Synsepalum chimanimani S.Rokni & I.Darbysh., sp. nov., a small tree endemic to the forests of the southern foothills of the Chimanimani Mountains of Mozambique and Zimbabwe, is described and illustrated. The differences in morphology and distribution between the new species and the related S. kaessneri and S. muelleri, with which...Rokni, Saba ; Wursten, Bart ; Darbyshire, Iain
Plant Science and Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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Journal article
Species richness and distribution of the largest plant radiation of Angola: Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae)
Frazão, Raquel ; Catarino, Silvia ; Goyder, David ; Darbyshire, Iain ; Magalhães, M. Filomena …
Nature and Landscape Conservation, Ecology, and Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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Journal article
Two new genera of Acanthaceae from tropical Africa
DNA sequence data, macro-morphological evidence and pollen analysis are used to clarify the phylogenetic placement of two African species of Acanthaceae: Schaueria populifolia C.B.Clarke and Rhinacanthus ndorensis Schweinf. The combined data demonstrate that these species are only distantly related to the genera in which they are currently placed and provide...Darbyshire, Iain ; Kiel, Carrie ; Daniel, Thomas ; McDade, Lucinda ; Luke, Quentin
taxonomy, justicioid, phylogeny, and Floristics
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Journal article
Taxonomic revision of Clinacanthus (Acanthaceae) in Thailand
The taxonomy of Clinacanthus in Thailand is revised. Nomenclature, descriptions and a key to the species are provided. Clinacanthus nutans is lectotypified. Clinacanthus burmanni var. robinsoni from Vietnam is found to be distinct from both C. nutans and C. siamensis and is elevated to species status.Bongcheewin, Bhanubong ; Darbyshire, Iain ; Satitpatipan, Veena ; Kongsawadworakul, Panida
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Journal article
Phylogenetic relationships among species of Barleria (Acanthaceae, Lamiales): Molecular data reveal complex patterns of morphological evolution and support a revised classification
Barleria is a genus of ~300 species of herbs and shrubs in Africa and Asia, with highest diversity in tropical East Africa and southern Africa. The genus is part of Barlerieae (Acanthaceae), a lineage that is distinguished from other Acanthaceae by quincuncial corolla aestivation. Unequivocal synapomorphies have yet to be...Darbyshire, Iain ; Fisher, Amanda ; Kiel, Carrie ; McDade, Lucinda
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Journal article
A taxonomic revision of Acanthaceae tribe Barlerieae in Angola and Namibia. Part 1
In the first part of a taxonomic revision of the tribe Barlerieae (Acanthaceae) in Angola and Namibia, two of the four major clades of the genus Barleria L. are studied in detail, namely subg. Barleria and subg. Prionitis sect. Prionitis. Using standard morphology-based taxonomic methods, a total of 32 species...Darbyshire, Iain ; Tripp, Erin ; Chase, Frances
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Journal article
Enhancing knowledge among smallholders on pollinators and supporting field margins for sustainable food security
Agro-ecological intensification (AEI) harnesses natural processes, such as pollination, that support sustainable crop production and can buffer against future food security risks. However, the transition from conventional agriculture, which relies on inputs that can damage natural ecosystem processes, to more sustainable food production under AEI, is knowledge-intensive. Here, we investigated...Elisante, Filemon ; Ndakidemi, Patrick A. ; Arnold, Sarah E.J. ; Belmain, Steven R. ; Gurr, Geoff M. …
ecosystem services, field margin plants, farming practices, crop production, and pollination
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Journal article
A synopsis of Polysphaeria (Rubiaceae) in Mozambique, including two new species
The genus Polysphaeria is investigated in Mozambique based on detailed morphological studies of herbarium specimens, resulting in the recognition of two new species. The first, P. ribauensis, is based on Kraussia sp. A of Flora Zambesiaca and is endemic to the Ribáuè Mountains of Nampula Province. The second, P. harrisii,...Darbyshire, Iain ; Langa, Clayton ; Romeiras, Maria
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Journal article
A revision of the Crepidorhopalon whytei complex (Linderniaceae) in eastern Africa
The Crepidorhopalon whytei (Linderniaceae) species complex is revised using morphological analyses. Based primarily on variations in indumentum, floral morphology, corolla colour and seed morphology, four species are formally recognised within this group in eastern Africa. Crepidorhopalon whytei s.str. is widespread in the highlands of eastern Africa, extending from South Sudan...Darbyshire, Iain ; Wursten, B. ; Luke, Q. ; Fischer, E.