Search Constraints
Search Results
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Journal article
Taxonomic characterisation of the Regianum clade (genus Tuber) and the trait evolution of spore size among true truffles.
The genus comprises ectomycorrhizal fungal species producing belowground ascomata, including the gastronomically most prominent hypogeous fungi. Since the discovery and description of new species are ongoing, the proportion of undescribed species can be considerable and the taxonomy of the genus goes often through changes. The taxonomy of the genus would... -
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Journal article
Genome-wide genotyping elucidates the geographical diversification and dispersal of the polyploid and clonally propagated yam (Dioscorea alata).
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Journal article
Four new deciduous species of Hyperacanthus (Rubiaceae: Gardenieae) from western Madagascar: the sofikomba alliance.
The genus comprises 11 species, nine in Madagascar and two in Africa, although many Madagascan species remain undescribed. All Madagascan species of are evergreen trees occurring in humid and semi-humid forest. Four deciduous species occur in the dry forests of northern, western, and southern Madagascar but are unknown to science.... -
Journal article
Integrative taxonomy led to recognising Clusia reginae (Clusiaceae), a new tree species from the Venezuelan Andes.
(Clusiaceae) is described using an integrative taxonomy approach. Field observations, discriminant analyses of morphological characters and phylogenetic inference based on molecular data led to the recognition of a new species of tree. This new taxon is distinct for having broadly obovate leaves, white petals, bright yellow flower resin and relatively...Luján, Manuel ; Paolini-Ruiz, Jorge ; Sanoja, Elio ; Rojas, Cherry A. ; Ely, Francisca
Clusia reginae, New species, Venezuela, Andes, and Taxonomy
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Journal article
Global conservation status of the jawed vertebrate Tree of Life.
Human-driven extinction threatens entire lineages across the Tree of Life. Here we assess the conservation status of jawed vertebrate evolutionary history, using three policy-relevant approaches. First, we calculate an index of threat to overall evolutionary history, showing that we expect to lose 86–150 billion years (11–19%) of jawed vertebrate evolutionary...Gumbs, Rikki ; Scott, Oenone ; Bates, Ryan ; Böhm, Monika ; Forest, Félix …
Tree of Life, Conservation status, Jawed vertebrates, and Vertebrates
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Journal article
Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation.
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Journal article
Pharmaceutical Terminology in Ancient and Medieval Time – andrachne, chrysocolla and Others.
Ancient and medieval pharmacological and medical texts contain a substantial amount of plant and mineral names. In some cases, the identification is straightforward. But for the majority of the data, we are unable to identify these ingredients with high certainty. In this paper, we discuss a selection of plant and... -
Journal article
Four new endemic genera of Rubiaceae (Pavetteae) from Madagascar represent multiple radiations into drylands.
The taxonomic positions and phylogenetic relationships of six Pavetteae species endemic to Madagascar were tested with a phylogenetic study of the Afro-Madagascan representatives of the tribe Pavetteae based on sequence data from six markers , , , - , and ITS. The six species were resolved into four well-supported and... -
Journal article
Description of five new species of the Madagascan flagship plant genus Ravenala (Strelitziaceae).
Madagascar’s emblematic traveller’s tree is a monospecific genus within Strelitziaceae, the family of the South African bird of paradise. Until now, this endemic genus consisted of a single species: Sonn., which is grown everywhere in the tropics as an ornamental plant. The plant is immediately recognizable for its huge fan-forming... -
Journal article
Aging-Induced Reduction in Safflower Seed Germination via Impaired Energy Metabolism and Genetic Integrity Is Partially Restored by Sucrose and DA-6 Treatment.
Seed storage underpins global agriculture and the seed trade and revealing the mechanisms of seed aging is essential for enhancing seed longevity management. Safflower is a multipurpose oil crop, rich in unsaturated fatty acids that are at high risk of peroxidation as a contributory factor to seed aging. However, the... -
Journal article
Tree diversity and liana infestation predict acoustic diversity in logged tropical forests.
Chu, Zachary ; Cosset, Cindy C. P. ; Finlayson, Catherine ; Cannon, Patrick G. ; Freckleton, Robert P. …
Lianas, Logging, Tree diversity, Biodiversity, Tropical forests, Tropic, and Soundscape
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Journal article
Keita (Aptandraceae-Olacaceae s.l.), a new genus for African species previously ascribed to Anacolosa, including K. deniseae sp. nov., an Endangered submontane forest liana from Simandou, Republic of Guinea.
We show that the two continental African species previously ascribed to the genus , differ in so many architectural, floral and vegetative characters from the remaining species of the genus (which occur from Madagascar to the western Pacific, including the type) that they clearly represent a separate genus. The African... -
Journal article
Notes on morphology, taxonomy and geographic distribution of Apeiba (Malvaceae, Grewioideae) in the Brazilian Amazon.
ABSTRACT Apeiba (Malvaceae, Grewioideae) is an important component of the Neotropical flora, but taxonomic knowledge of its species is limited, particularly within the Amazon region. This study aimed to provide an updated taxonomic treatment of Apeiba native to Brazil, with focus on Amazonian collections. Species of Apeiba are trees with...Secco, Ricardo de S. ; Colli-Silva, Matheus ; Santos Souza, Júlio
Amazon rainforest, Geographical distribution, Taxonomy, Tiliaceae, Brazil, Plant morphology, Nomenclatural types, Rosids, and Apeiba
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Journal article
The genus Fomitopsis (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) reconsidered.
Based on seven- and three-gene datasets, we discuss four alternative approaches for a reclassification of ( , ). After taking into account morphological diversity in the family, we argue in favour of distinguishing three genera only, , and . becomes a large genus with 128 accepted species, containing almost all...Spirin, V. ; Runnel, K. ; Vlasák, J. ; Viner, I. ; Barrett, M. D. …
Taxonomy, New Species, Brown-rot fungi, Polypores, and Phylogeny
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Journal article
Making the Wakehurst prairie.
The creation of the North American prairie gardens at Wakehurst Place is described, with details of different stages in the planting, designed to form a species‐rich perennial sward which will be self‐sustaining.Wenham, Jo
Sussex (England), Wakehurst Place, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Wakehurst Place, Prairie plants, Prairie grasslands, and Grasslands
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Journal article
Palynotaxonomy of Centauropsis (Compositae, Vernonieae) an endemic genus from Madagascar.
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Journal article
Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities.
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Journal article
The Resurrection of Ancistrocladus pachyrrhachis (Ancistrocladaceae) from Liberia.
Ancistrocladus pachyrrhachis (Ancistrocladaceae), described in 1950, is resurrected and compared with A. barteri, the species with which it was synonymised in 2005. The fruits of Ancistrocladus barteri and A. pachyrrhachis are described and illustrated here for the first time, and a full description of the species is provided, as is...Jongkind, Carel ; Van der Burgt, Xander
West Africa, Ancistrocladus pachyrrhachis, Liberia, Liana, Coastal forest, and Ancistrocladaceae
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Journal article
Diversity and distribution of ferns and clubmosses in the eastern canyons of Isalo National Park, Madagascar.
– In contrast to the flowering plants, the pteridophyte flora of Madagascar is still understudied. While several studies have been published on the eastern and central parts of the island, there are currently few works dedicated to the pteridophytes of southwestern Madagascar. The aim of this work is to increase... -
Journal article
Hay meadows in the High Weald of Sussex.
The ancient hay meadows at Wakehurst, Kew's wild botanic garden, are described, and many of the species which go to make up these High Weald grasslands are illustrated. Native Sussex hay meadows and North American prairie grasslands are compared. -
Journal article
The biocultural heritage and changing role of indigenous yams in the Republic of Guinea, West Africa.
La production mondiale d'igname est centrée sur l'Afrique de l'Ouest, mais il existe d'importantes lacunes dans les connaissances sur la diversité au niveau des exploitations agricoles dans une grande partie de la région, et particulièrement en Guinée. Bien que la production d'igname augmente en Guinée, à long terme, la... -
Journal article
Phylogenomic analysis reveals five independently evolved African forage grass clades in the genus Urochloa.
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Journal article
Plant invasion and naturalization are influenced by genome size, ecology and economic use globally.
Human factors and plant characteristics are important drivers of plant invasions, which threaten ecosystem integrity, biodiversity and human well-being. However, while previous studies often examined a limited number of factors or focused on a specific invasion stage (e.g., naturalization) for specific regions, a multi-factor and multi-stage analysis at the global...Guo, Kun ; Pyšek, Petr ; van Kleunen, Mark ; Kinlock, Nicole L. ; Lučanová, Magdalena …
Plant naturalization, Genome size, Plant invasion, Economic use, and Ecology
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Journal article
The bii4africa dataset of faunal and floral population intactness estimates across Africa’s major land uses.
Sub-Saharan Africa is under-represented in global biodiversity datasets, particularly regarding the impact of land use on species’ population abundances. Drawing on recent advances in expert elicitation to ensure data consistency, 200 experts were convened using a modified-Delphi process to estimate ‘intactness scores’: the remaining proportion of an ‘intact’ reference population... -
Journal article
Cytotoxic ent-abietane diterpenoids, banyangmbolides A-E, from the leaves of Suregada occidentalis.
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Journal article
Human influence on the distribution of cacao: insights from remote sensing and biogeography.
Cacao ( , Malvaceae) is an important tree crop in Africa and in the Americas. Current genomic evidence suggests that its original range in Tropical Americas was smaller than its current distribution and that human-mediated dispersal occurred before European colonization. This includes regions like Mesoamerica and Eastern Amazonia where cacao... -
Journal article
Landrace diversity and heritage of the indigenous millet crop fonio (Digitaria exilis): Socio‐cultural and climatic drivers of change in the Fouta Djallon region of Guinea.
Le fonio blanc ( [Kippist] Stapf) est une culture de mil peu étudiée, indigène d'Afrique de l'Ouest et cultivée dans la région en grande partie selon des pratiques traditionnelles. Cette espèce est résiliente au climat, à croissance rapide, riche sur le plan nutritionnel et assure des moyens de subsistance... -
Journal article
Fungal symbiont diversity drives growth of Holcus lanatus depending on soil nutrient availability.
Read the free for this article on the Journal blog. -
Editorial
MycoNews 2023: Editorial, news, reports, awards, personalia, and book news.
This fifth annual edition of starts with an editorial on the critical importance of International Mycological Congresses (IMCs) to the health of mycology. Items on Counting down to IMC12, the State of the World’s Plants and Fungi 2023, and progress towards Improving nomenclatural stability in medically important fungi follow. Reports...Hawksworth, David L.
Book reviews, Meeting reports, IMC12, Obituaries, Nomenclatural stability, International mycological congresses, and Birthday greetings
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Journal article
Light-sensitive short hypocotyl genes confer symbiotic nodule identity in the legume Medicago truncatula.
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Journal article
Repeated upslope biome shifts in Saxifraga during late-Cenozoic climate cooling.
Mountains are among the most biodiverse places on Earth, and plant lineages that inhabit them have some of the highest speciation rates ever recorded. Plant diversity within the alpine zone - the elevation above which trees cannot grow—contributes significantly to overall diversity within mountain systems, but the origins of alpine... -
Journal article
Taxonomic revision of the native Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) species of Brazil.
The genus (Magnoliaceae) has a wide and disjunct geographic distribution ranging from Eastern and South Asia to Malaysia, extending across the Neartics and reaching into the Neotropics. Regarding its infrageneric classification, the genus is divided into three subgenera: , and , the latter including the section Talauma in which the... -
Journal article
Growth, Enzymatic, and Transcriptomic Analysis of xyr1 Deletion Reveals a Major Regulator of Plant Biomass-Degrading Enzymes in Trichoderma harzianum.
The regulation of plant biomass degradation by fungi is critical to the carbon cycle, and applications in bioproducts and biocontrol. Trichoderma harzianum is an important plant biomass degrader, enzyme producer, and biocontrol agent, but few putative major transcriptional regulators have been deleted in this species. The T. harzianum ortholog of...Wang, Lunji ; Zhao, Yishen ; Chen, Siqiao ; Wen, Xian ; Anjago, Wilfred Mabeche …
Cellulose, XYR1/XlnR/XLR-1, Transcriptional regulation, Trichoderma harzianum, and CAZymes
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Journal article
Assessing above and belowground recovery from ammonium sulfate addition and wildfire in a lowland heath: mycorrhizal fungi as potential indicators.
Atmospheric pollution containing soil‐nitrifying ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂SO₄) affects semi‐natural ecosystems worldwide. Long‐term additions of (NH₄)₂SO₄ to nitrogen (N)‐limited habitats, including heathlands, increase climate stress affecting recovery from wildfires. Although heathland vegetation largely depends on ericoid mycorrhizal fungi (ErM) to access soil N, we lack detailed understanding of how prolonged exposure... -
Journal article
Current status of the cryopreservation of embryogenic material of woody species.
Cryopreservation, or the storage at liquid nitrogen temperatures (-196°C), of embryogenic cells or somatic embryos allows their long-term conservation without loss of their embryogenic capacity. During the last decade, protocols for cryopreservation of embryogenic material of woody species have been increasing in number and importance. However, despite the large experimental... -
Master's dissertation
Haageocereus: Taxonomy for the Conservation of the Genus in Peru.
The genus Haageocereus (Cactaceae) is mostly endemic o f Peru, occupying arid areas draining westwards o f Andes. In Peru, Haageocereus is found between 50 to 2800 m, from 79°54’W, 5°7’S (dept. Piura) to 70°52’W, 18°0’S (dept. Tacna). The understanding of this genus has been limited by several nomenclature problems...Moya-Mendez, Natalia Calderon
Conservation assessments, Peru, Taxonomy, IUCN Red List, Plant conservation, and Haageocereus
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Journal article
Orphan crops of archaeology‐based crop history research.
L'agrobiodiversité est un puissant levier d'action de l'agriculture durable à l'échelle mondiale. La culture, la conservation et la réintroduction de diverses espèces végétales, y compris les cultures ‘oubliées’ et ‘sous‐utilisées’, contribuent à l'agrobiodiversité mondiale, aux écosystèmes vivants et à la production alimentaire durable. Ces actions bénéficient des connaissances traditionnelles... -
Journal article
Rapid diversification of grey mangroves (Avicennia marina) driven by geographic isolation and extreme environmental conditions in the Arabian Peninsula.
Biological systems occurring in ecologically heterogeneous and spatially discontinuous habitats provide an ideal opportunity to investigate the relative roles of neutral and selective factors in driving lineage diversification. The grey mangroves ( ) of Arabia occur at the northern edge of the species' range and are subject to variable, often... -
Journal article
Seed Imbibition and Metabolism Contribute Differentially to Initial Assembly of the Soybean Holobiont.
Seed germination critically determines successful plant establishment and agricultural productivity. In the plant holobiont's life cycle, seeds are hubs for microbial communities’ assembly, but what exactly shapes the holobiont during germination remains unknown. Here, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing characterized the bacterial communities in embryonic compartments (cotyledons and axes) and...Gerna, Davide ; Clara, David ; Antonielli, Livio ; Mitter, Birgit ; Roach, Thomas
Seed germination, Metabolism, Bacillus, Glycine max, Buchnera, Abscisic acid, Imbibition, Microbiome, and Rhodococcus
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Journal article
Trials and tribulations of Neotropical plant taxonomy: Pace of tree species description.
Dada la inédita preocupación por la actual pérdida global de biodiversidad, resulta importante identificar las mejores estrategias para describir nuevas especies de manera más eficiente, completar el inventario de la flora Neotropical e implementar a tiempo estrategias de conservación apropiadas. Este estudio pretende responder la pregunta de cuánto tiempo... -
Journal article
Using morphometrics to distinguish the restinga and cerrado ecotypes of wild Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae): a preliminary study in northeastern Brazil.
The cashew tree is a globally important food species and in Brazil is a natural component of cerrado and restinga vegetation and has an important role in local economies as a food and medicinal plant. Nevertheless, diversity studies of wild populations—the most important reservoir of natural variation—of this naturally widespread... -
Journal article
Nectar cardenolides and floral volatiles mediate a specialized wasp pollination system.
Specialization in plant pollination systems can arise from traits that function as filters of flower visitors. This may involve chemical traits such as floral volatiles that selectively attract favoured visitors and non-volatile nectar constituents that selectively deter disfavoured visitors through taste or longer-term toxic effects or both. We explored the... -
Journal article
A taxonomic revision of the genus Weberbauerella Ulbr. (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae) in Peru and Chile.
The little-known and infrequently collected papilionoid legume genus is only known from outlying regions of the Atacama Desert. Presently it comprises three species, one in Chile and two in Peru. These small, woody, perennial species, enigmatic in both occurrence and form, are found growing in isolated populations in climatically extreme...Orellana-Garcia, A. ; Hechenleitner, P. ; Whaley, O. Q. ; Capcha-Ramos, J. ; Moat, J. …
Fog oasis, Taxonomy, Chile, Weberbauerella, Peru, Fabaceae, Lomas vegetation., and Coastal desert
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Journal article
Telipogon pillaropatatensis (Oncidiinae): A New Species from The East-Central Andes of Ecuador.
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Journal article
Resilience of tropical invertebrate community assembly processes to a gradient of land use intensity.
Understanding how community assembly processes drive biodiversity patterns is a central goal of community ecology. While it is generally accepted that ecological communities are assembled by both stochastic and deterministic processes, quantifying their relative importance remains challenging. Few studies have investigated how the relative importance of stochastic and deterministic community... -
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Dataset
Gendered Author List International Plant Names Index 2023.
Included to provide a reference for a WikiData editor to add this information to all IPNI id's in WIkiData so that it is maintained by the community and more reusable. The data has been largely updated for publication of 2023 Making the taxonomic effort: acknowledging female role models in botanical...Lindon, Heather ; Gardiner, Lauren ; Vorontsova, Maria ; Brady, Abigail
International Plant Names Index, Authors of Plant Names, Women mycologists, Women botanists, Index Fungorum, IPNI, and Gender
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Journal article
Late pre-Hispanic fog oasis settlements and long-term human occupation on the Peruvian central coast from satellite imagery.
Fog oases ( ) present pockets of verdant vegetation within the arid coastal desert of Andean South America and archaeological excavation within some of the oases has revealed a long history of human exploitation of these landscapes. Yet lomas settlements are under-represented in archaeological datasets due to their tendency to... -
Journal article
Validation of three Indo-Chinese Clerodendrum (Lamiaceae).
Re-examination of nomenclature of three Indo-Chinese species, Clerodendrum adenocalyx, C. nhatrangense and C. palmatolobatum reveals that their names are invalidly published according to Article 39.1. in the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants (ICN): all these species published in 1935 were described without a Latin diagnosis. Our...Satthaphorn, Jiratthi ; Paton, Alan ; Leeratiwong, Charan
Vietnam, Nomenclature, Cambodia, Indochina, Laos, Clerodendrun, New species, and Thailand
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Journal article
Characterising subgenome recombination and chromosomal imbalances in banana varietal lineages.
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Journal article
Undiscovered bird extinctions obscure the true magnitude of human-driven extinction waves.
Birds are among the best-studied animal groups, but their prehistoric diversity is poorly known due to low fossilization potential. Hence, while many human-driven bird extinctions (i.e., extinctions caused directly by human activities such as hunting, as well as indirectly through human-associated impacts such as land use change, fire, and the... -
Journal article
DNA methylation in the wild: epigenetic transgenerational inheritance can mediate adaptation in clones of wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca).
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Journal article
Implications of a local flora survey for pre‐human grass flora in north‐western Madagascar.
On apprend aux enfants de Madagascar que leurs ancêtres ont détruit la vaste forêt ancienne donnant naissance aux prairies modernes, un mythe trompeur qui continue à saper la relation des gens avec la nature. Remplacer ce mythe par un récit plus nuancé et précis sur les écosystèmes herbeux est... -
Journal article
A fungal plant pathogen discovered in the Devonian Rhynie Chert.
are integral to well-functioning ecosystems, and their broader impact on Earth systems is widely acknowledged. Fossil evidence from the Rhynie Chert (Scotland, UK) shows that were already diverse in terrestrial ecosystems over 407-million-years-ago, yet evidence for the occurrence of the subkingdom of that includes the phyla and ) in this... -
Journal article
Characterization of Terpenoids from the Ambrosia Beetle Symbiont and Laurel Wilt Pathogen Harringtonia lauricola.
Little is known concerning terpenoids produced by members of the fungal order Ophiostomales, with the member Harringtonia lauricola having the unique lifestyle of being a beetle symbiont but potentially devastating tree pathogen. Nine known terpenoids, including six labdane diterpenoids (1–6) and three hopane triterpenes (7–9), were isolated from H. lauricola... -
Newsletter
Samara no. 17 [Spanish].
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Newsletter
Samara no. 15 [Spanish].
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Newsletter
Samara no 14 [Spanish].
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Newsletter
Samara no. 13 [Spanish].
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Journal article
An integrative approach to species delimitation sinks three Chinese limestone karst Elatostema (Urticaceae) species.
is recognized as a taxonomically difficult group due to the reduced nature of the tiny flowers and inflorescences, also the large number of species (ca 650 to 700). Different opinions on morphological species delimitation have resulted in instability, which is problematic in such a speciose group. In this paper, the... -
Newsletter
Samara no. 12 [Spanish].
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Newsletter
Samara no. 10 [Spanish].
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Newsletter
Samara no. 9 [Spanish].
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Newsletter
Samara no. 8 [Spanish].
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Newsletter
Samara no. 39.
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Research report
The wild coffee resources of Uganda: a precious heritage.
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Newsletter
Samara no. 7 [Spanish].
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Newsletter
Samara no. 5 [Spanish].
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Newsletter
Samara no. 4 [Spanish].
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Newsletter
Samara no. 2 [Spanish].
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Journal article
An Annotated Checklist of Cyrtandra, Cyrtandropsis and Sepikea (Gesneriaceae) in New Guinea.
Ninety-two New Guinea J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. names, nine Lauterb. names and one species of Schltr. are recognised here, presented in alphabetical order with notes on typification based on the literature and preliminary herbarium observations. A new name, , is proposed for the illegitimate name Schltr. Lectotypes are selected for 66...Bramley, G. L. C. ; Atkins, H. J. ; Kartonegoro, A. ; Jimbo, T.
Cyrtandra, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, Sepikea, Checklists, Neotype, Taxonomy, Cyrtandropsis, and Lectotype
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Journal article
1051. Cathaya argyrophylla Chun Kuang: Pinaceae.
The ‘pearl of the forest’, also known as ‘yin shan’ or the ‘giant panda of the plant kingdom’, is illustrated here (t. 1051) from a tree cultivated at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. The discovery and phylogenetics of this species are discussed, and its introduction into horticulture is presented. A... -
Journal article
Afrothismiaceae (Dioscoreales), a new fully mycoheterotrophic family endemic to tropical Africa.
is a genus of non-photosynthetic mycoheterotrophs from the forests of continental tropical Africa. Multiple phylogenetic inferences using molecular data recover the genus as sister to a clade comprising mycoheterotrophic Thismiaceae and the photosynthetic family Taccaceae, contrary to earlier placements of and Thismiaceae within Burmanniaceae. Morphological support for separating from the... -
Journal article
Myrmecia, Not Asterochloris, Is the Main Photobiont of Cladonia subturgida (Cladoniaceae, Lecanoromycetes).
This study explores the diversity of photobionts associated with the Mediterranean lichen-forming fungus Cladonia subturgida. For this purpose, we sequenced the whole ITS rDNA region by Sanger using a metabarcoding method for ITS2. A total of 41 specimens from Greece, Italy, France, Portugal, and Spain were studied. Additionally, two specimens...