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Journal article
Flora of Singapore precursors, 6: Typification of grass names relevant to the flora of Singapore
The typification of more than 200 names of grass taxa relevant to the flora of Singapore is reviewed. A total of 52 lectotype designations are made here, including 22 which are posthumously published by the late J.F. Veldkamp. In addition, 13 second-step lectotypes (one by JFV), and two neotypes are...Turner, I ; Middleton, D ; Duistermaat, H ; Veldkamp, J
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Journal article
Flora of Singapore precursors, 12. Notes on various Rubiaceae genera
In preparation for the account of the Rubiaceae for the Flora of Singapore various notes are presented concerning the genera Discospermum Dalzell, Lasianthus Jack, Mussaenda L. and Psychotria L. Nomenclatural comments on the generic synonyms Landia Comm. ex Juss. (= Mussaenda) and Uragoga Baill. (= Psychotria) are made. Lectotypes are...Turner, I
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Journal article
Five new species of Henckelia (Gesneriaceae) from Myanmar and Thailand.
Five new species of Henckelia are described, two from Myanmar: Henckelia campanuliflora and H. candida, and the others from Thailand: H. amplexifolia, H. nakianensis and H. dasycalyx. A key to the 1 to 2-leaved species of the genus is given, as well as photographs, ecology, and also IUCN conservation status...Sirimongkol, Sukontip ; Parnell, John ; Hodkinson, Trevor ; Middleton, David ; Puglisi, Carmen
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Journal article
Farmers’ decisions and determinants of crop rotations with lupin (Lupinus spp): The case of West Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Using lupin as a break crop and for soil fertility improvement is one of the practices to enhance productivity and improve soil fertility in Ethiopian conditions. However, the use of this practice by smallholder farmers is limited. Therefore, the major objective of this study was to empirically examine factors influencing...Teferra, B ; Yeheyis, L ; Nelson, M ; Taylor, J ; McNaughton, D …
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Journal article
Evolutionary history of the Pasque-flowers (Pulsatilla, Ranunculaceae): Molecular phylogenetics, systematics and rDNA evolution
Pulsatilla (Anemoneae, Ranunculaceae) is sister to Anemone s.s. and contains ca 40 perennial species of considerable horticultural and medical importance. We sequenced 31 of those species, plus nine subspecies, two cultivars and six outgroups, for two nuclear regions (high-copy nrITS and low-copy MLH1) and three plastid regions (rbcL, accD–psaI, trnL...Sramkó, G ; Laczkó, L ; Volkova, P ; Bateman, R ; Mlinarec, J
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Journal article
Exploring At Second-Hand: Separating the Editor from the Traveller in Soeteboom’s Version of Van West-Zanen’s Sojourn in Mauritius in 1602
Willem van West-Zanen’s account of visiting Mauritius with Hans Schuurmans’s fleet of five ships on their return journey from Java to Amsterdam in 1602, is translated in full for the first time. Numerous Dodos were caught and eaten by the crews, as was much other wildlife.Cheke, Anthony ; Beentje, Henk
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Journal article
Ethnobotany of Aloe L. (Asphodelaceae) in Tanzania
The genus Aloe (Asphodelaceae) is well known in Tanzania for its medicinal uses, yet its ethnobotany has not previously been systematically studied in the region. To document the indigenous knowledge of Aloe species, data were collected using semi-structured interviews from 180 respondents of different gender and age groups at four...Amir, H ; Grace, O ; Wabuyele, E ; Manoko, M
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Journal article
Epidermal patterning and stomatal development in Gnetales
The gymnosperm order Gnetales, which has contentious phylogenetic affinities, includes three extant genera (Ephedra, Gnetum, Welwitschia) that are morphologically highly divergent and have contrasting ecological preferences: Gnetum occupies mesic tropical habitats, whereas Ephedra and Welwitschia occur in arid environments. Leaves are highly reduced in Ephedra, petiolate with a broad lamina...Rudall, Paula ; Rice, Callie
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Journal article
Enhancement of conservation knowledge through increased access to botanical information
Herbarium specimens are increasingly recognized as an important resource for conservation science and virtual herbaria are making specimens freely available to a wider range of users than ever before. Few virtual herbaria are designed with conservation use as a primary driver. Exceptionally, Brazil's Reflora Virtual Herbarium (RVH) was created to...Canteiro, Cátia ; Barcelos, Laísa ; Filardi, Fabiana ; Forzza, Rafaela ; Green, Laura …
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Book
Enhancing Food Security Through Seed Banking and Use of Wild Plants: Case Studies From the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
We show how food security can be enhanced through seed banking and use of wild plants by showcasing three science-based plant conservation and seed research projects from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew on underutilized useful plants and crop wild relatives.Ulian, Tiziana ; Pritchard, Hugh W. ; Cockel, Christopher P. ; Mattana, Efisio
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Journal article
Environmental stress, future climate, and germination of myracrodruon urundeuva seeds
Myracrodruon urundeuva, a native species from the Brazilian Caatinga, is widely distributed across its endemic region, where it also plays an essential socioeconomic role. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of environmental stress on the germination of M. urundeuva seeds harvested in different years (2010 to...De, Oliveira ; Santos da Silva, F ; Nascimento, Araujo ; Campos Da Costa, D ; Vieira Gomes, S …
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Journal article
Enset in Ethiopia: a poorly characterized but resilient starch staple.
Enset (Ensete ventricosum, Musaceae) is an African crop that currently provides the staple food for approx. 20 million Ethiopians. Whilst wild enset grows over much of East and Southern Africa and the genus extends across Asia to China, it has only ever been domesticated in the Ethiopian Highlands. Here, smallholder... -
Journal article
Dynamics of intracellular mannan and cell wall folding in the drought responses of succulent Aloe species
Plants have evolved a multitude of adaptations to survive extreme conditions. Succulent plants have the capacity to tolerate periodically dry environments, due to their ability to retain water in a specialized tissue, termed hydrenchyma. Cell wall polysaccharides are important components of water storage in hydrenchyma cells. However, the role of...Ahl, Louise ; Mravec, Jozef ; Jørgensen, Bodil ; Rudall, Paula ; Rønsted, Nina …
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Journal article
Embolism resistance in petioles and leaflets of palms
Hydraulic studies are currently biased towards conifers and dicotyledonous angiosperms; responses of arborescent monocots to increasing temperature and drought remain poorly known. This study aims to assess xylem resistance to drought-induced embolism in palms.We quantified embolism resistance via P50 (xylem pressure inducing 50% of embolism or loss of hydraulic conductivity)...Emilio, Thaise ; Lamarque, Laurent ; Torres-Ruiz, José ; King, Andrew ; Charrier, Guillaume …
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Journal article
Early consequences of allopolyploidy alter floral evolution in Nicotiana (Solanaceae)
Background: Polyploidy has played a major role in angiosperm evolution. Previous studies have examined polyploid phenotypes in comparison to their extant progenitors, but not in context of predicted progenitor phenotypes at allopolyploid origin. In addition, differences in the trends of polyploid versus diploid evolution have not been investigated. We use...McCarthy, E ; Landis, J ; Kurti, A ; Lawhorn, A ; Chase, M …
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Journal article
Do tree cavity density and characteristics vary across topographical habitats in the tropics? A case study from Xishuangbanna, southwest China
Despite the influence of cavities on the survival and distribution of cavity-dependent fauna, the variation in the density and characteristics of tree cavities across different habitat types in tropical forests is unknown. In this study, we surveyed 26 312 living trees from 376 species and compared cavity density and characteristics (height,...Liu, Junyan ; Tang, Junfeng ; Chen, Si-Chong ; Ma, Wenbao ; Zheng, Zheng …
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Journal article
Do tropical plants have smaller genomes? Correlation between genome size and climatic variables in the Caesalpinia Group (Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae)
While a number of studies have suggested that temperate plants typically have larger genome sizes (GS) than tropical ones, recent analyses have not convincingly confirmed this. We have selected the widely distributed Caesalpinia Group (Leguminosae) to test this hypothesis. We used flow cytometry to estimate the amount of DNA in...Souza, Gustavo ; Costa, Lucas ; Guignard, Maïté ; Van-Lume, Brena ; Pellicer, Jaume …
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Journal article
Diversity and conservation priorities of crop wild relatives in Mexico
Crop wild relatives (CWR) are valuable resources for crop breeding due to their close genetic relationship to the cultivated plants and their wide genetic variation, allowing the introgression of desirable traits into the crops, such as resistance to plant pests and diseases or adaptability to climate change. Mexico is a...Contreras-Toledo, Aremi ; Cortés-Cruz, Moisés ; Costich, Denise ; Rico-Arce, María de Lourdes ; Magos Brehm, Joana …
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Journal article
Cryptic species in an ancient flowering-plant lineage (Hydatellaceae, Nymphaeales) revealed by molecular and micromorphological data
The flora of the southwestern Australian biodiversity hotspot is rich in endemic species, many of which remain to be discovered or properly described; estimates of species diversity and levels of endemism should take into account the possible occurrence of cryptic species. Here we explore taxonomic diversity in a Western Australian...Sokoloff, Dmitry ; Marques, Isabel ; Macfarlane, Terry ; Remizowa, Margarita ; Lam, Vivienne …
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Journal article
Digest: Linking coordinated shifts in plant resource allocation to a chromosomal inversion
Local adaptation in plants often requires coordinated shifts among resources. Lowry et al. provide evidence for physiological and genomic mechanisms underpinning adaptive shifts in yellow monkeyflower (Mimulus guttatus), such as the transition between annual and perennial life histories. In M. guttatus, differential activity of gibberellins, governed partially by a chromosomal inversion,...Dodsworth, S ; Pérez-Escobar, O