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Journal article
Evolution and networks in ancient and widespread symbioses between Mucoromycotina and liverworts
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Journal article
The British species of Otidea (3): taxa present in Britain
An account of British species and taxa of Otidea is presented based on morphology and molecular data obtained from the fungarium collections, at Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K) and elsewhere. Based on a phylogenetic analysis using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of the fungal nuclear rDNA, sixteen named and...Parslow, Mariko ; Suz, Laura M. ; Spooner, Brian
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Journal article
A new genus and species of foliicolous lichen in a new family of Strigulales (Ascomycota: Dothideomycetes) reveals remarkable class-level homoplasy
Phylogenetic analysis of some foliicolous lichens collected in Hainan Province, China, revealed a new lineage morphologically similar to Porina but phylogenetically related to Strigulaceae (Dothideomycetes), differing from the latter in ascus type. The monospecific genus Tenuitholiascus gen. nov. is introduced for the single species, T. porinoides sp. nov., which is...Jiang, Shu Hua ; Hawksworth, David L. ; Lücking, Robert ; Wei, Jiang Chun
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Journal article
Lack of adequate seed supply is a major bottleneck for effective ecosystem restoration in Chile: friendly amendment to Bannister et al. (2018)
We argue that the need for a quality seed supply chain is a major bottleneck for the restoration of Chile's native ecosystems, thus supplementing the list of bottlenecks proposed by Bannister et al. in 2018. Specifically, there is a need for defining seed transfer zones, developing standards and capacities for...León‐Lobos, Pedro ; Bustamante‐Sánchez, Marcela A. ; Nelson, Cara R. ; Alarcón, Diego ; Hasbún, Rodrigo …
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Journal article
ddRAD analyses reveal a credible phylogenetic relationship of the four main genera of Bambusa-Dendrocalamus-Gigantochloa complex (Poaceae: Bambusoideae)
The Bambusa-Dendrocalamus-Gigantochloa complex (BDG complex) is the most diversified and phylogenetically recalcitrant group of the paleotropical woody bamboos. Species of this complex occur in tropical and subtropical Asia and most of them are of great economic, cultural and ecological value. The lack of resolution achieved through the analyses of previous...Liu, Jing-Xia ; Zhou, Meng-Yuan ; Yang, Guo-Qian ; Zhang, Yu-Xiao ; Ma, Peng-Fei …
ancient introgression, nDNA-plastid DNA associations, morphological evidence, genome-wide SNPs, and BDG complex
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Journal article
Salix acutifolia f. pendula (Salicaceae) - a new form
A new form, Salix acutifolia f. pendula I. V. Belyaeva, N. Y. Stepanova et O. V. Epanch., is described and its distribution is given. Existing confusion between the names, S. acutifolia ‘Duschanbensis’, S. acutifolia ‘Pendula’, S. acutifolia ‘Moscow Cascade’, S. acutifolia var. duschanbensis and S. acutifolia [unranked] pendula is clarified.Stepanova, N. Yu. ; Epanchintseva, O. V. ; Belyaeva, I. V.
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Journal article
A Guide to Carrying Out a Phylogenomic Target Sequence Capture Project
High-throughput DNA sequencing techniques enable time- and cost-effective sequencing of large portions of the genome. Instead of sequencing and annotating whole genomes, many phylogenetic studies focus sequencing effort on large sets of pre-selected loci, which further reduces costs and bioinformatic challenges while increasing coverage. One common approach that enriches loci...Andermann, Tobias ; Torres Jiménez, Maria Fernanda ; Matos-Maraví, Pável ; Batista, Romina ; Blanco-Pastor, José L. …
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Journal article
Ninety-three new combinations in Euploca for species of Heliotropium section Orthostachys (Boraginaceae sensu APG)
Many new combinations are needed in Euploca, previously regarded as Heliotropium section Orthostachys, to correspond with results of our forthcoming, world-wide, molecular phylogenetic analysis. We also need these names for our many δ13C determinations that identify many Euploca species exhibiting C4 photosynthesis and show that other Euploca species are not...Frohlich, Michael W. ; Thulin, Mats ; Chase, Mark W.
carbon assimilation systems, Eudicots, Australia, and Heliotropiaceae
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Journal article
Drymaria veliziae (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from the Andes of Cajamarca (North Peru)
A new species from the Northern Peruvian Andes (Cajamarca department), Drymaria veliziaesp. nov., is proposed in the present paper. It grows in the high-elevation montane grasslands and it is morphologically similar to D. auriculipetala from which it differs in having elliptic-ovate leaves, blade margin bases glandular, large number of stipules...Montesinos-Tubée, Daniel B. ; Tovar, Carolina ; Iberico-Vela, Gustavo ; Montoya-Quino, Juan ; Sanchez-Vega, Isidoro
Cajamarca, Caryophyllaceae, new species, and Andes
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Journal article
Mcdadea: A New Genus of Acanthaceae Endemic to the Namib Desert of Southwestern Angola
Acanthaceae represent one of the most ecologically dominant families of plants in the Namib Desert and adjacent portions of Namibia and Angola yet have never been comprehensively treated from a taxonomic perspective in the region. Recent fieldwork in Angola yielded discovery of two populations of plants, morphologically allied to the...Tripp, Erin A. ; Darbyshire, Iain
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Journal article
A third of the tropical African flora is potentially threatened with extinction
Preserving tropical biodiversity is an urgent challenge when faced with the growing needs of countries. Despite their crucial importance for terrestrial ecosystems, most tropical plant species lack extinction risk assessments, limiting our ability to identify conservation priorities. Using a novel approach aligned with IUCN Red List criteria, we conducted a...Stévart, T. ; Dauby, G. ; Lowry, P. P. ; Blach-Overgaard, A. ; Droissart, V. …
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Journal article
Notes on the plants of Bakossi, Cameroon, and the new Cola etugei and Cola kodminensis (Sterculiaceae s. str.)
Background and aims – This paper reports a further discovery during preparation for a monograph of the genus Cola, and also in the context of a long-term botanical survey in the Cross River-Sanaga interval of west-central Africa, focussing on species discovery and conservation through the Tropical Important Plant Areas programme.Methods...Cheek, Martin ; Tchiengue, Barthelemy ; Baldwin, Isabel
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Journal article
Identifying drivers of forest resilience in long-term records from the Neotropics
Here, we use 30 long-term, high-resolution palaeoecological records from Mexico, Central and South America to address two hypotheses regarding possible drivers of resilience in tropical forests as measured in terms of recovery rates from previous disturbances. First, we hypothesize that faster recovery rates are associated with regions of higher biodiversity,...Adolf, C. ; Tovar, C. ; Kühn, N. ; Behling, H. ; Berrío, J. C. …
Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) and General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
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Journal article
Taxonomic notes on Pycnothelia Dufour and Gymnoderma Nyl. (Cladoniaceae) in Madagascan Region
This study was focused on two species of lichen-forming fungi from Madagascan Region whose tax - onomy has been controversial over the years, Cladonia mascarena Nyl. and Heterodea madagascarea Nyl. While some authors considered C. mascarena to belong to Cladonia, others place it in Pycnothelia Dufour. In this study three...Pino-Bodas, Raquel ; Ahti, Teuvo ; Stenroos, Soili
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Journal article
Two new species of Ardisia subgenus Tetrardisia (Primulaceae-Myrsinoideae) from Borneo
Ardisia argentiana and A. nagaensis from subgenus Tetrardisia are herein described and illustrated as new species. They are endemic to Borneo and the Indonesian province of Central Kalimantan and to the Malaysian state of Sarawak, respectively. Ardisia argentiana is unique in its linear-oblong leaves, with a long, acuminate-caudate apex,...Julius, Avelinah ; Kajita, Tadashi ; Utteridge, Timothy M.A.
Plant Science and Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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Journal article
Plant-fungal interactions in hybrid zones: Ectomycorrhizal communities of willows (Salix) in an alpine glacier forefield
Arraiano-Castilho, R. ; Bidartondo, M.I. ; Niskanen, T. ; Zimmermann, S. ; Frey, B. …
Plant Science, Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, and Ecological Modelling
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Journal article
Early growth phase and caffeine content response to recent and projected increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide in coffee (Coffea arabica and C. canephora)
While [CO2] effects on growth and secondary chemistry are well characterized for annual plant species, little is known about perennials. Among perennials, production of Coffea arabica and C. canephora (robusta) have enormous economic importance worldwide. Three Arabica cultivars (Bourbon, Catimor, Typica) and robusta coffee were grown from germination to ca....Vega, Fernando E. ; Ziska, Lewis H. ; Simpkins, Ann ; Infante, Francisco ; Davis, Aaron P. …
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Journal article
Hanceola suffruticosa (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae), a new species from the Sino-Vietnamese border
Hanceola is a genus of eight herbaceous species previously thought to be endemic to southern China. However, H. suffruticosa, a new species described here from China and Vietnam, differs from all other species of Hanceola by its subshrubby habit. It is also distinct in its shallowly bicrenate laminae and densely...Chen, Ya-Ping ; Paton, Alan J. ; Xiang, Chun-Lei
Hanceola, Sino-Vietnamese border, Hanceolinae, Ocimeae, and new species
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Journal article
Historic herbarium specimens as biocultural assets: An examination of herbarium specimens and their in situ plant communities of the Agulhas National Park, South Africa
Globally there is a need for protected areas to conserve both biodiversity and heritage. Historic specimen localities, although significant to botanists, are not known or recognized under the global heritage umbrella; yet they form an important component of the protected area landscape. We aimed to articulate the conservation and heritage...Cowell, Carly R. ; Anderson, Pippin M. L. ; Annecke, Wendy A.
conservation, fynbos, botanical collectors, biocultural heritage, Cape Colony, Agulhas Plain, and Bolus
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Journal article
Implications of next-generation sequencing for the systematics and evolution of the terrestrial orchid genus Epipactis, with particular reference to the British Isles
Recent application of next-generation sequencing technology to Eurasian taxa of the primitive epidendroid orchid clade Epipactis section Epipactis has further advanced our knowledge of what has become a model system for studying the origins of numerous autogamous taxa from within arguably only one allogamous ancestral species, E. helleborine s.s. Current...Bateman, Richard M.
ancestor-descendant relationships, species circumscription, evolutionary radiation, autogamy, allogamy, speciation, geitonogamy, species concept, and fluctuating asymmetry
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Journal article
Comparative carpological study of Poikilospermum (Urticaceae) in relation to taxonomy
Fruit morphology and the anatomical structure of the pericarp, fruiting perianth, and seed coat were studied in 15 species of Poikilospermum, a genus whose position within the Urticaceae has long been controversial. Possible evolutionary trends of their transformation are suggested for both subgenera; plesiomorphies were found in P. oblongifolium and...Kravtsova, T. I. ; Moore, A. ; Wilmot-Dear, C. M. ; Zhinkina, N. A.
Urticeae, taxonomy, evolution, fruit and seed anatomy, and dispersal
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Journal article
Dichapetalum stahlii (Dichapetalaceae), a new species from Ecuador
A new species, Dichapetalum stahlii, is described from Los Rios in western Ecuador. It is the ninth species of the genus with fimbriate stipules. A key is provided for the seven known Ecuadorian species of the genus.Prance, Ghillean T.
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Journal article
New combinations in Guilandina (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae)
The Caesalpinia Group (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae) and the genus Caesalpinia sensu lato were recently reclassified resulting in a reduction in the number of species in Caesalpinia sensu stricto to nine. Of the genera now accepted as distinct from Caesalpinia, the pantropical genus Guilandina lacks any recent global taxonomic account and estimates...Lewis, G. P.
nomenclature and Fabaceae
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Journal article
Endemism patterns are scale dependent
Areas of endemism are important in biogeography because they capture facets of biodiversity not represented elsewhere. However, the scales at which they are relevant to research and conservation are poorly analysed. Here, we calculate weighted endemism (WE) and phylogenetic endemism (PE) separately for all birds and amphibians across the globe....Daru, Barnabas H. ; Farooq, Harith ; Antonelli, Alexandre ; Faurby, Søren
biogeography, evolutionary ecology, and conservation biology
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Journal article
FluentDNA: Nucleotide Visualization of Whole Genomes, Annotations, and Alignments
Researchers seldom look at naked genome assemblies: instead the attributes of DNA sequences are mediated through statistics, annotations and high level summaries. Here we present software that visualizes the bare sequences of whole genome assemblies in a zoomable interface. This can assist in detection of chromosome architecture and contamination by... -
Journal article
outsider: Install and run programs, outside of R, inside of R
In many areas of research, product development and software engineering, analytical pipelines – workflows connecting output from multiple software – are key for processing and running tests on data. They can provide results in a consistent, modular and transparent manner. Pipelines also make it easier to demonstrate the reproducibility of...Bennett, Dominic ; Hettling, Hannes ; Silvestro, Daniele ; Vos, Rutger ; Antonelli, Alexandre
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Journal article
Strategies for reducing per‐sample costs in target capture sequencing for phylogenomics and population genomics in plants
The reduced cost of high‐throughput sequencing and the development of gene sets with wide phylogenetic applicability has led to the rise of sequence capture methods as a plausible platform for both phylogenomics and population genomics in plants. An important consideration in large targeted sequencing projects is the per‐sample cost, which... -
Editorial
Flowers and inflorescences of eudicots
Angiosperms dominate our terrestrial ecosystems, and the remarkable flowers and inflorescences have evolved into a spectacular and remarkably diversity. However, despite much research on their unique reproductive structures, there is still much that we do not know about how angiosperms rose to such dominance, how the first flowers evolved and...Bachelier, Julien B. ; Fay, Michael F.
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Journal article
A new species of Myrsine (Primulaceae-Myrsinoideae) from New Guinea
Myrsine exquisitorum Utteridge & Lepschi (Primulaceae-Myrsinoideae) is described and illustrated as a new species endemic to the Western Highlands Province from Papua New Guinea. The new species is unique in the relatively large, almost orbicular leaves with entire margins, and the tetramerous flowers arranged in axillary fascicles without forming short...Utteridge, Timothy M.A. ; Lepschi, Brendan J.
Rapanea, Papuasia, Eudicots, taxonomy, Malesia, and Myrsinaceae
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Journal article
Virotia azurea (Proteaceae: Macadamieae), a striking new species endemic to New Caledonia and notes on V. francii and V. leptophylla
Virotia azurea H.C. Hopkins & Pillon (Proteaceae), the seventh species in the endemic genus Virotia L.A.S. Johnson & B.G. Briggs from New Caledonia is described and illustrated. A distribution map and preliminary conservation assessment are provided. This new species occurs principally on non-ultramafic substrates in a restricted area of central...Hopkins, Helen C.F. ; Pillon, Yohan
Virotia, taxonomy, new species, manganese, Serpentine flora, new Caledonia, and Proteaceae
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Journal article
Comparing essential oils from Australia's ‘Victorian Christmas Bush’ (Prostanthera lasianthos Labill., Lamiaceae) to closely allied new species: Phenotypic plasticity and taxonomic variability
Prostanthera lasianthos (Lamiaceae) is commonly referred to as the ‘Victorian Christmas Bush’, a name that derives from the floral display it gives in the Christmas period. However, botanists recognise P. lasianthos as a heterogeneous species aggregate that includes several putative new species that are confined to disjunct locations. Recently one...Sadgrove, Nicholas John
Principal component analysis, Terpene, Volatiles, Prostanthera lasianthos, Dendrogram, Lamiaceae, Phenotypic plasticity, Gas chromatography, and Essential oils
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Journal article
Validation of two varieties of Oxytropis tragacanthoides (Fabaceae) from Southern Siberia
Two names of varieties, Oxytropis tragacanthoides Fisch. ex DC. var. parviflora Polozhij ex Krivenko, var. nova, and Oxytropis tragacanthoides var. glabra Peschkova ex Krivenko, var. nova, are validated here according to the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants (Shenzhen Code). For each new variety provided description, illustration...Krivenko, Denis A. ; Tatanov, Ivan V. ; Belyaeva, Irina V.
nomenclature, Southern Siberia, new varieties, Fabaceae, taxonomy, Oxytropis tragacanthoides, Mongolia, and Russia
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Journal article
Lectotypification of the name Salix pseudodepressa (Salicaceae)
Problems with typification of the name, Salix pseudodepressa A.K.Skvortsov, are discussed and the lectotypification of this name is made.Kovtonyuk, Nataliya K. ; Belyaeva, Irina V.
nomenclature, digital herbarium, Caucasus, Salix pseudodepressa, Salicaceae, lectotypification, and flora
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Journal article
Monitoring Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Colombia's High Andean Ecosystems: Toward an Integrated Strategy
There is growing consensus that biodiversity losses resulting from global change profoundly affects ecosystem services and human welfare. However, biodiversity and ecosystem processes are commonly monitored independently and on spatiotemporal scales inadequate to inform decision-making. The high Andean ecosystems of Colombia, extending from high Andean forests and páramos to glacier...Llambí, Luis D. ; Becerra, María Teresa ; Peralvo, Manuel ; Avella, Andrés ; Baruffol, Martín …
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Journal article
Microsatellite marker development in the crop wild relative Linum bienne using genome skimming
Premise: Nuclear microsatellite markers were developed for Linum bienne, the sister species of the crop L. usitatissimum, to provide molecular genetic tools for the investigation of L. bienne genetic diversity and structure. Methods and Results: Fifty microsatellite loci were identified in L. bienne by means of genome skimming, and 44...Landoni, Beatrice ; Viruel, Juan ; Gómez, Rocio ; Allaby, Robin G. ; Brennan, Adrian C. …
Linum bienne, pale flax, population genetics, crop wild relative, Linaceae, and simple sequence repeat (SSR)
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Journal article
Convergent molecular evolution among ash species resistant to the emerald ash borer
Recent studies show that molecular convergence plays an unexpectedly common role in the evolution of convergent phenotypes. We exploited this phenomenon to find candidate loci underlying resistance to the emerald ash borer (EAB, Agrilus planipennis), the United States’ most costly invasive forest insect to date, within the pan-genome of ash...Kelly, Laura J. ; Plumb, William J. ; Carey, David W. ; Mason, Mary E. ; Cooper, Endymion D. …
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Journal article
Plant dispersal strategies of high tropical alpine communities across the Andes
Dispersal is a key ecological process that influences plant community assembly. Therefore, understanding whether dispersal strategies are associated with climate is of utmost importance, particularly in areas greatly exposed to climate change. We examined alpine plant communities located in the mountain summits of the tropical Andes across a 4000 km... -
Journal article
Hibiscus fabiana sp. nov. (Malvaceae) from the Guinea Highlands (West Africa)
Hibiscus fabiana Cheek (sect. Furcaria, Malvaceae) is described from the Guinea Highlands of West Africa, and its taxonomic affinities and ecology are considered. Hibiscus fabiana has previously been confused with H. rostellatus but has red fleshy calyx ribs (vs not red and non-fleshy), the calyx surface is glabrous apart...Cheek, M. ; Haba, P.K. ; Cisse, S.
conservation, Important Plant Areas, Bowal, Simandou, Hibiscus, Furcaria, and Guinea Highlands
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Journal article
A hairy situation: Plant species in warm, sunny places are more likely to have pubescent leaves
Aim Leaf pubescence has several important roles, including regulating heat balance, reducing damage from UV radiation, minimizing water loss and reducing herbivory. Each of these functions could affect a plant's ability to tolerate the biotic and abiotic stresses encountered in different parts of the world. However, we know remarkably little... -
Journal article
Historic herbarium specimens as biocultural assets: An examination of herbarium specimens and their in situ plant communities of the Agulhas National Park, South Africa
Globally there is a need for protected areas to conserve both biodiversity and heritage. Historic specimen localities, although significant to botanists, are not known or recognized under the global heritage umbrella; yet they form an important component of the protected area landscape. We aimed to articulate the conservation and heritage...Cowell, Carly R. ; Anderson, Pippin M. L. ; Annecke, Wendy A.
Agulhas Plain , botanical collectors, biocultural heritage, Cape Colony, fynbos, Bolus, and conservation
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Journal article
Conference dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Alexey Konstantinovich Skvortsov
The brief information on the eight conferences (2012-2019) in the memory of A.K. Skvortsov is given in the article. A review of scientific reports and events held at the 9th Anniversary Conference is made.Schantser, I.A. ; Vinogradova, Yu.K. ; Belyaeva-Chamberlain, I.V. ; Ignatov, M.S. ; Stepanova, N.Yu …
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Journal article
Top-down and bottom-up processes to implement biological monitoring in protected areas
Achieving biodiversity conservation objectives and targets requires environmental management agencies to undertake monitoring. Several management practices have been used but are they successful? Using SANParks as an example, we focus on three cases of national parks that use different techniques to implement environmental monitoring. We assessed a top-down, bottom-up and...Cowell, Carly ; Bissett, Charlene ; Ferreira, Sam M.
Adaptive management, METT, Biodiversity, Bottom-up, Top-down, and Integrated monitoring
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Journal article
Revisiting the cytomolecular evolution of the Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae): a broad sampling reveals new correlations between cytogenetic and environmental variables
The pantropical Caesalpinia group includes 225 species in 27 monophyletic genera, and the group has undergone recent phylogenetic, taxonomic and biogeographic revisions. Previous works have reported a diverse pattern of heterochromatin distribution related to ecological niche/geographic distribution, and variation in genome size also correlated with environmental variables. In order to... -
Journal article
Maesa brevipedicellata (Primulaceae), a new species from Papua New Guinea
Maesa brevipedicellata, a new species of Maesa (Primulaceae-Maesoideae) from Papua New Guinea, is described and illustrated based on herbarium specimen observations. The collections of this species resemble M. rufovillosa and were previously determined as that species. Maesa brevipedicellata is unique with its self-supporting habit, hispid hairs throughout and paniculate inflorescences...Sumanon, P. ; Eiserhardt, W.L. ; Balslev, H. ; Utteridge, T.M.A.
Myrsinaceae, Papuasia, taxonomy, Maesa, Ericales, new species, and Malesia
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Journal article
Taxonomic Revision of Dalechampia (Euphorbiaceae) in Madagascar
In an account of 13 taxa (12 species and one variety) of Dalechampia occurring in Madagascar, ten species were lectotypified, two were synonymized, and one species was reestablished. Information about typifications as well as maps of distribution for each species are provided herein. Illustrations and a key for identifying species... -
Journal article
A Monograph of Operculina (Convolvulaceae)
A comprehensive systematic monograph is presented for the genus Operculina Silva Manso (Convolvulaceae). Formerly included in tribe Merremieae D. F. Austin, now incertae sedis, recent systematic studies have clarified the phylogenetic relationships for Operculina and unequivocally demonstrated that it is monophyletic as currently circumscribed and that the unique operculate capsule...Staples, G. W. ; Simões, Ana Rita ; Austin†, Daniel F.
nomenclature, plant systematics, generic delimitation, hybrid, typification , Convolvulaceae, and Operculina
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Journal article
Recovery of mycorrhizal fungi from wild collected protocorms of Madagascan endemic orchid Aerangis ellisii (B.S. Williams) Schltr. and their use in seed germination in vitro
Orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) are critical for seed germination and maintaining natural populations of orchids, yet the degree of specificity of most orchids to their mycorrhizal associates remains unknown. Many orchids are at risk of extinction, whether generalists or specialists, but orchid species of narrow fungal specificity are arguably under...Kendon, Jonathan P. ; Yokoya, Kazutomo ; Zettler, Lawrence W. ; Jacob, Alison S. ; McDiarmid, Faye …
Conservation, Detritus, Mycotrophy, Symbiotic, Ceratobasidium , and germination
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Journal article
Diversity of root-associated culturable fungi of Cephalanthera rubra (Orchidaceae) in relation to soil characteristics
Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich., Red Helleborine, is a widespread orchid in Europe but known only from three very small populations in England. These populations are in decline with no natural seed setting for more than a decade. The species may become extinct in the UK soon unless viable strategies are...Bell, Jake ; Yokoya, Kazutomo ; Kendon, Jonathan P. ; Sarasan, Viswambharan
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Journal article
Interfamilial relationships in order Fabales: new insights from the nuclear regions sqd1 and 26S rDNA
Leguminosae, Polygalaceae, Quillajaceae and Surianaceae together comprise the order Fabales. Phylogenetic relationships within Fabales remain an unsolved problem even though interfamilial relationships have been examined in a number of studies using different sampling approaches and both molecular and morphological data. In this study, we gather information from the nuclear 26S...Aygoren Uluer, Deniz ; Hawkins, Julie A. ; Forest, Félix
Sqd1, MatK, 26S, Polygalaceae, Quillajaceae, RbcL, Leguminosae, Surianaceae , and Fabales
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Journal article
Biased-corrected richness estimates for the Amazonian tree flora
Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, but the estimated species richness is very much debated. Here, we apply an ensemble of parametric estimators and a novel technique that includes conspecific spatial aggregation to an extended database of forest plots with up-to-date taxonomy. We show that the species abundance distribution of Amazonia...ter Steege, Hans ; Prado, Paulo I. ; Lima, Renato A. F. de ; Pos, Edwin ; de Souza Coelho, Luiz …
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Journal article
Plant traits and vegetation data from climate warming experiments along an 1100 m elevation gradient in Gongga Mountains, China
Functional trait data enhance climate change research by linking climate change, biodiversity response, and ecosystem functioning, and by enabling comparison between systems sharing few taxa. Across four sites along a 3000–4130 m a.s.l. gradient spanning 5.3 °C in growing season temperature in Mt. Gongga, Sichuan, China, we collected plant functional trait and...Vandvik, Vigdis ; Halbritter, Aud H. ; Yang, Yan ; He, Hai ; Zhang, Li …
Climate-change ecology , Natural variation in plants, and Community ecology
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Journal article
New directions in pollinator research: diversity, conflict and response to global change
Interactions between pollinators and their plant hosts are central to maintaining global biodiversity and ensuring our food security. In this special issue, we compile reviews that summarize existing knowledge and point out key outstanding research areas to understand and safeguard pollinators, pollinators–host plant interactions and the pollination ecosystem services they...Scott-Brown, Alison ; Koch, Hauke
biodiversity , ecosystems, pollinators, and plants
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Journal article
Museomics Unveil the Phylogeny and Biogeography of the Neglected Juan Fernandez Archipelago Megalachne and Podophorus Endemic Grasses and Their Connection With Relict Pampean-Ventanian Fescues
Oceanic islands constitute natural laboratories to study plant speciation and biogeographic patterns of island endemics. Juan Fernandez is a southern Pacific archipelago consisting of three small oceanic islands located 600–700 km west of the Chilean coastline. Exposed to current cold seasonal oceanic climate, these 5.8–1 Ma old islands harbor a... -
Journal article
Evidence of large Anacardiaceae trees from the Oligocene–early Miocene Santiago Formation, Azuero, Panama
We have poor knowledge of the plants that inhabited Central America during the Cenozoic. One of the families with a rich fossil record worldwide, especially for the Oligocene and Miocene epochs is Anacardiaceae. Llanodelacruzoxylon sandovalii gen. et sp. nov. is the first formal record of a fossil wood of Anacardiaceae...Rodríguez-Reyes, Oris ; Estrada-Ruiz, Emilio ; Gasson, Peter
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Journal article
Advancing biodiversity assessments with environmental DNA: Long‐read technologies help reveal the drivers of Amazonian fungal diversity
Fungi are a key component of tropical biodiversity. However, due to their inconspicuous and largely subterranean nature, they are usually neglected in biodiversity inventories. The goal of this study was to identify the key determinants of fungal richness, community composition, and turnover in tropical rainforests. We tested specifically for the... -
Journal article
Conserving orthodox seeds of globally threatened plants ex situ in the Millennium Seed Bank, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK: the status of seed collections
We reviewed the status of orthodox seed collections of globally threatened plants conserved in − 20 °C long-term storage at the Millennium Seed Bank, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK in terms of their geographic and bioclimatic representativeness, taxonomic and genetic diversity, quality and physiological status. The comprehensive dataset used spans... -
Journal article
Characterization of secondary metabolites from the berries of Ziziphus mucronata and their antioxidant properties
Ziziphus mucronata is a medicinal plant used traditionally for treating various diseases. The antioxidant assay for the crude extracts obtained from the berries of Ziziphus mucronata was carried out using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. Purified antioxidant compounds were obtained by chromatographic methods and were subjected to structure elucidation using nuclear magnetic...Parkar, Fasahat ; Njue, Alice Wanjiku ; Langat, Moses Kiprotich ; Omolo, Josiah Ouma
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Journal article
Absolute Configuration of Alkaloids from Uncaria longiflora through Experimental and Computational Approaches
The structure elucidation of three new alkaloids named isoformosaninol (1), formosaninol (2), and longiflorine (3), isolated from the leaves of Uncaria longiflora var. pteropoda (Miq.) Ridsdale, along with their biosynthetic pathways are discussed. Their absolute structures were determined through a combination of physical data interpretation and quantum chemical calculations using... -
Journal article
Chemical constituents from Penianthus camerounensis Dekker (Menispermaceae)
The phytochemical study of the roots, leaves and twigs of Penianthus camerounensis Dekker (Menispermaceae) has led to the isolation and the characterization of 20 compounds. A ceramide, camerounamide (1), and a furoclerodanediterpenoid, camerounin (2), have not been described previously, while the compounds xylopic acid (3), syringaresinol (4), iso-propylmethylcyclohexa-1,4-diol (5), 1-(28-hydroxyoctacosanoyl)glycerol... -
Journal article
Melanin Production Inhibitors from the West African Cassipourea congoensis
Cassipourea congoensis (syn. Cassipourea malosana) is used in African countries as a skin-lightening agent. Two previously unreported cycloartane triterpenoids, 26-hydroxy-3-keto-24-methylenecycloartan-30-oic acid 1 and 24-methylenecycloartan-3β,26,30-triol 2 along with the known mahuannin B 3, 7-methoxymahuannin B 4, 7-methoxygeranin A 5, methyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2E-propenoate, glycerol-1-alkanoate, (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal 6, (-)-syringaresinol 7, and stigmast-5-en-3-O-β-D-glucoside, were isolated from the... -
Journal article
The chemistry and biological activities of Citrus clementina Hort. Ex Tanaka (Rutaceae), a vegetatively propagated species
We report the chemistry and biological activities of a Cameroonian Citrus clementina Hort. Ex Tanaka, a vegetatively propagated species. The compounds isolated from this plant were determined to be the known 5-hydroxy-6,7,8,3’,4’-pentamethoxyflavone (1), tangerine (3), nobilletin (4), 5,7,8,4’-tetramethoxyflavone (5), citracridone I (6), 5-hydroxynoracronycine (7), citracridone III (8), xanthyletin (10), suberosin... -
Journal article
The chemistry of the West and Central African Penianthus zenkeri Diels (Menispermaceae)
A phytochemical investigation of the roots and twigs of Penianthus zenkeri Diels led to the identification of twenty four compounds including one previously undescribed C-28 ecdysteroid (1) and previously described phytosteroids (2–5, 20, 22, 23), phenolic compounds (6–8, 12), diterpenoids (9–11), alkaloids (13,14, 18, 19), a dipeptide (15), ursane type...Tabekoueng, Georges Bellier ; Akak, Carine Mvot ; Happi, Gervais Mouthé ; Langat, Moses K. ; Frese, Marcel …
Penianthuszenkeri, C-28 ecdysteroid, Zenkersterone, Rubrosterone, and Diterpenoids
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Journal article
First report of compounds from an Ancistrocarpus species: Triterpenoids from A. densispinosus Oliv. (Malvaceae)
The stem bark of Ancistrocarpus densispinosus Oliv. exhibited triterpenoids, including the rare fernane-type, fern-9(11)-ene-2α,3β-diol (1) a possible chemotaxonomically distinct biomolecule for the genus. Other triterpenoids that were isolated from this plant include the ursane-type ursolic acid (2) and corosolic acid (3), friedelane-type friedelin (4) and canophyllol (5), lupane-type lupeol (6),... -
Journal article
Two new species of Pittosporum (Pittosporaceae) for the Flora of Thailand
Two new species of Pittosporum (Pittosporaceae) are reported for Thailand. Pittosporum lacrymasepalum from Trat Province and P. maxwellii from Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai Province are described and illustrated.Utteridge, Timothy M. A.
Apiales, conservation assessment, Conservation assessment, Doi Inthanon, Taxonomy, and Trat
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Journal article
Diterpenoids from the stem bark of Croton megalocarpoides Friis & M. G. Gilbert
Five previously undescribed compounds, megalocarpoidolide I (1), megalocarpoidolide J (3), 12-epi-crotonzambefuran A (4), megalocarpoidolide K (5), 1-trans-p-hydroxycoumaroyl–geranylgerani-1-ol (6) were isolated from the stem bark of Croton megalocarpoides Friis & M. G. Gilbert. The known ent-trachyloban-18-ol, megalocarpoidolide B, megalocarpoidolide C (2), megalocarpoidolide H, crotocorylifuran, 7,8-dehydrocrotocorylifuran, 1,2-dehydrocrotocorylifuran-2-one, acetyl aleuritolic acid, lupeol, N-trans-p-coumaroyl-3′,4′-dihydroxyphenylethylamine,... -
Journal article
Comparative Plastid Genomics of Neotropical Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae)
Pantropical Bulbophyllum, with ∼2,200 species, is one of the largest genera in Orchidaceae. Although phylogenetics and taxonomy of the ∼60 American species in the genus are generally well understood, some species complexes need more study to clearly delimit their component species and provide information about their evolutionary history. Previous research... -
Journal article
Two new species of Pittosporum (Pittosporaceae) for the Flora of Thailand
Two new species of Pittosporum (Pittosporaceae) are reported for Thailand. Pittosporum lacrymasepalum from Trat Province and P. maxwellii from Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai Province are described and illustrated.Utteridge, Timothy M. A. ; Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, U.K.
taxonomy, Trat, Apiales, conservation assessment, and Doi Inthanon
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Journal article
Mapping mycological ignorance – checklists and diversity patterns of fungi known for West Africa
Scientific information about biodiversity distribution is indispensable for nature conservation and sustainable management of natural resources. For several groups of animals and plants, such data are available, but for fungi, especially in tropical regions like West Africa, they are mostly missing. Here, information for West African countries about species diversity... -
Journal article
The Egyptian Ascomycota 1: Genus Aspergillus
Since Pier Antonio Micheli described and published genus Aspergillus in Nova Plantarum Genera in 1729 the genus attracted an immense interest. The published Egyptian literature on the genus is scattered and fragmentary. By screening the available sources of information since 1921, it was possible to figure out a range of...Abdel-Azeem, Ahmed ; Abu-Elsaoud, Abdelghafar ; Darwish, Amira ; Balbool, Bassem ; Abo Nouh, Fatma …
check-list, Moubasher, Novel taxa, Biodiversity, Literature, Taxonomy, and Herbaria catalogues
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Journal article
Unambiguous identification of fungi: where do we stand and how accurate and precise is fungal DNA barcoding?
True fungi (Fungi) and fungus-like organisms (e.g. Mycetozoa, Oomycota) constitute the second largest group of organisms based on global richness estimates, with around 3 million predicted species. Compared to plants and animals, fungi have simple body plans with often morphologically and ecologically obscure structures. This poses challenges for accurate and... -
Journal article
On the Typification of Ganoderma sichuanense (Agaricomycetes)-the Widely Cultivated Lingzhi Medicinal Mushroom
The well-known and widely cultivated lingzhi has had a significant impact on Chinese culture and is now an important fungal crop providing medicinal benefits to human health and economic value to social development within China and around the world. The European mushroom name, Ganoderma lucidum, has been misapplied to this...Yao, Yi-Jian ; Li, Yu ; Du, Zhuo ; Wang, Ke ; Wang, Xin-Cun …
nomenclature, Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lingzhi, taxonomy, DNA sequence, Ganoderma sichuanense, type material, and medicinal mushroom
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Journal article
Notes, outline and divergence times of Basidiomycota
The Basidiomycota constitutes a major phylum of the kingdom Fungi and is second in species numbers to the Ascomycota. The present work provides an overview of all validly published, currently used basidiomycete genera to date in a single document. An outline of all genera of Basidiomycota is provided, which includes...He, Mao-Qiang ; Zhao, Rui-Lin ; Hyde, Kevin D. ; Begerow, Dominik ; Kemler, Martin …
Molecular clock, Fungi, Systematics, Classification , and Taxonomy
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Journal article
A compendium of generic names of agarics and Agaricales
Agarics (gilled mushrooms) and the order Agaricales include some of the best‐known and most charismatic fungi. However, neither group has had its constituent genera exhaustively compiled in a modern phylogenetic context. To provide that framework, we identified and analyzed 1383 names of genera of agarics (regardless of taxonomic placement) and...Kalichman, Jacob ; Kirk, Paul M. ; Matheny, P. Brandon
DNA sequencing, nomenclature review, taxonomy, type species, and gilled mushrooms
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Journal article
Evolutionary patterns in the geographic range size of Atlantic Forest plants
Species’ geographic range size is arguably the single most important predictor of vulnerability to extinction and a key metric in ecology. Despite this, patterns of specific variation in range size and their underlying reasons are still poorly understood. For example, hypotheses on how evolutionary history affects range size have scarcely... -
Journal article
A cost analysis of transcription systems
We compare different approaches to transcribing natural history data and summarise the advantages and disadvantages of each approach using six case studies from four different natural history collections. We summarise the main cost considerations when planning a transcription project and discuss the limitations we current have in understanding the costs... -
Journal article
Using the InsideWood web site: Potentials and pitfalls
The InsideWood web site is a freely accessible resource for research and teaching in wood anatomy and includes a multiple-entry key to aid in wood identification. Its database has over 9400 descriptions of fossil and modern woody dicots, representing over 10 000 species and 200 plant families, and is accompanied by...Wheeler, Elisabeth A. ; Gasson, Peter E. ; Baas, Pieter
IAWA Hardwood List, wood identification, Thespesia, and Pistacia
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Journal article
Prevalence and phenology of fine root endophyte colonization across populations of Lycopodiella inundata
Mycorrhizal fungi are critical components of terrestrial habitats and agroecosystems. Recently, Mucoromycotina fine root endophyte fungi (MucFRE) were found to engage in nutritional mutualism with Lycopodiella inundata, which belongs to one of the earliest vascular plant lineages known to associate with MucFRE. The extent to which this mutualism plays a...Kowal, Jill ; Arrigoni, Elena ; Serra, Jordi ; Bidartondo, Martin
Plant-fungus interaction, Marsh clubmoss, Glomeromycotina, Heathland ecology, FRE, Mucoromycotina, and Mycorrhizal phenology
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Journal article
The ghost fruits of Madagascar: Identifying dysfunctional seed dispersal in Madagascar's endemic flora
Madagascar lost a large number of large-bodied animal species during the Holocene. Many of them played important roles as seed dispersers. In the case of the largest-seeded species, giant lemurs or elephant birds may have been the sole dispersers because no extant frugivore has a gape size large enough to...Albert-Daviaud, Aurélie ; Buerki, Sven ; Onjalalaina, Guy E. ; Perillo, Sarah ; Rabarijaona, Romer …
Conservation, Seed dispersal, Madagascar, Anachronism, and Lemur
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Journal article
Storage of orchid pollinia with varying lipid thermal fingerprints
Orchid pollinia have the potential to make a valuable contribution to current techniques of germplasm storage and assisted reproduction, yet information regarding their preservation and their ability to remain viable over time is currently limited. Dactylorhiza fuchsii and Disa uniflora were used as models for investigating potential techniques for storing...Custodio, Ceci Castilho ; Machado-Neto, Nelson B. ; Singer, Rodrigo B. ; Pritchard, Hugh W. ; Seaton, Philip T. …
Orchidaceae, Conservation , Germplasm, and Pollen germination
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Journal article
Pseudophoenix ekmanii (Arecaceae) seeds at suboptimal temperature show reduced imbibition rates and enhanced expression of genes related to germination inhibition
Pseudophoenix ekmanii is a critically endangered palm species that can be found in the southeast of the Dominican Republic. The temperatures to which P. ekmanii seeds are exposed upon dispersal range from 32 to 23 °C (max and min) and can reach a low of approximately 20 °C in January....Visscher, A. M. ; Castillo‐Lorenzo, E. ; Toorop, P. E. ; Junio da Silva, L. ; Yeo, M. …
thermal inhibition, Pseudophoenix ekmanii seeds, transcriptomics, and germination imbibition
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Journal article
Plant richness, turnover, and evolutionary diversity track gradients of stability and ecological opportunity in a megadiversity center
Research on global patterns of diversity has been dominated by studies seeking explanations for the equator-to-poles decline in richness of most groups of organisms, namely the latitudinal diversity gradient. A problem with this gradient is that it conflates two key explanations, namely biome stability (age and area) and productivity (ecological...Colville, Jonathan F. ; Beale, Colin M. ; Forest, Félix ; Altwegg, Res ; Huntley, Brian …
spatial models, phylogenetic diversity, beta diversity, Cape Floristic Region, and longitudinal gradient
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Journal article
Viburnum tinus Fruits Use Lipids to Produce Metallic Blue Structural Color
Viburnum tinus is an evergreen shrub that is native to the Mediterranean region but cultivated widely in Europe and around the world. It produces ripe metallic blue fruits throughout winter [1]. Despite its limited fleshy pulp [2], its high lipid content [3] makes it a valuable resource to the small... -
Journal article
Phylogenetic relationships based on nuclear and plastid DNA sequences reveal recent diversification and discordant patterns of morphological evolution of the Chilean genera of Gilliesieae (Amaryllidaceae: Allioideae)
Gilliesieae are a South American tribe of Amaryllidaceae characterized by high floral diversity. Given different taxonomic interpretations and proposals for generic and specific relationships, a representative phylogenetic analysis is required to clarify the systematics of this group. The present study provides a framework for understanding phylogenetic relationships and contributing to...Escobar, Inelia ; Ruiz-Ponce, Eduardo ; Rudall, Paula J ; Fay, Michael F ; Toro-Núñez, Oscar …
Chilean hotspot, Ancrumia, paraphyly, Solaria, Gilliesia, Gethyum, Speea, and phylogeny
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Journal article
Molecular phylogenetic insights into the evolution of Eriosema (Fabaceae): a recent tropical savanna-adapted genus
Eriosema comprises c. 150 species and has a pantropical distribution and two centres of diversity, Africa and America. The species occur in tropical savannas and grasslands, including the cerrado in Brazil. They have adapted to these environments by developing specialized underground organs, and an abundance of trichomes. Here we present...